摘要
本文利用2002—2009年中国工业企业数据库、中国海关数据库和中国产品层面出口退税率数据,从创新投入和创新产出双重视角考察了出口退税政策变动对企业创新行为的影响。研究结果表明:出口退税率上调显著提高了企业的创新投入和创新产出,这一结果在考虑了内生性问题、选择性偏差问题以及使用不同衡量指标后仍然稳健;区分企业异质性和行业异质性后的结果显示,出口退税政策的创新效应对融资约束较紧和生产率较低企业的影响更大,对资本密集型行业和技术密集型行业企业的影响更显著;进一步的机制分析结果表明,由企业出口退税率上调引致的利润增加效应和出口学习效应是企业提升创新能力的重要渠道。
Based on the Annual Survey of Chinese Industrial Enterprise Data,Chinese Customs Database,and export tax refund rate available at the product level during the period from 2002 to 2009,this paper investigated the impact of export VAT rebate policy on corporate innovation behavior from the perspective of input and output innovation.The study finds that an increase in the export VAT rebate rate significantly increases the firms’R&D investment and new product output value.These results are robust to the use of the instrumental variable approach.Given the high sunk costs of R&D investment,these effects are heterogeneous across different types of firms.Specifically,the export VAT rebate policy’s effects are more significant for firms with tighter financing constraints and lower productivity.Besides,firms’innovation performance in capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries is significantly affected by the export VAT rebate policy.The further mechanism analysis shows that both larger profit and learning by exporting effect induced by VAT rebate policy are the underlying channels for our results.
作者
赵瑞丽
何欢浪
陶敏
ZHAO Ruili;HE Huanlang;TAO Min
出处
《国际贸易问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期47-61,共15页
Journal of International Trade
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“贸易与投资双向流动影响中国企业高质量创新的新动能与新机制研究”(20BJL044)
上海市哲学社会科学规划课题一般项目“贸易自由化促进中国企业创新质量提升的影响机理及路径研究”(2018BJB015)
上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会曙光计划项目“对外经济开放和中国企业创新的数量和质量研究”(18SG51)
上海市哲学社会科学规划青年项目“长三角一体化背景下经济集聚、产业关联与上海市高端产业出口高质量发展的路径研究”(2020EJB008)
第66批中国博士后科学基金面上项目“进口扩大战略对我国制造业出口升级的影响”(KLH3246172)
关键词
出口退税政策
企业创新活动
利润
出口学习效应
Export VAT Rebate Policy
Firm Innovation Performance
Profit
Learning-by-exporting Effect
