摘要
[目的]分析人工恢复和自然恢复两种恢复模式下林分结构、物种组成与原始林的差异,了解不同恢复模式下森林生物多样性的变化规律,为森林生态系统人工恢复和重建提供理论和实践依据。[方法]选择九连山境内由人工种植杉木自然恢复36年形成的针阔混交林、皆伐后自然恢复32年的亚热带次生常绿阔叶林和未受人为干扰的原始森林(以下分别简称为杉木林、次生林、原始林)为研究对象,分析3种林分不同生长发育阶段(幼树1 cm≤DBH<5 cm、小树5 cm≤DBH<10 cm和成年树DBH≥10 cm)的物种组成、物种多样性及优势度、群落结构和功能群变化等,探究不同恢复模式下亚热带森林物种多样性恢复的特征变化。[结果]杉木林共有木本植物4983株,隶属于29科75种;次生林共有2879株,隶属于26科73种;原始林共有4770株,隶属于38科126种。原始林与杉木林幼树的胸高断面积为次生林的2倍;小树阶段3种林分无显著差异;次生林和杉木林成年树的胸高断面积分别为原始林的37%和70%。杉木林与次生林在种-面积、种-多度及种-物种等级上的变化趋势大致相同;幼树阶段,次生林物种数随着抽取个体数增加积累速度高于杉木林;成年树阶段,杉木林物种个数的积累速度要快于次生林。杉木林和次生林总体的物种丰富度比较接近,约为原始林的55%,但次生林幼树及成年树的物种丰富度少于杉木林。总体上次生林的Shannon-Wiener指数显著地高于杉木林,各生长阶段并无显著差异。次生林在幼树、小树阶段的DBH和树高均显著大于杉木林,成年树阶段的DBH则显著小于杉木林。次生林各生长阶段的先锋种重要值均为最大,杉木林成年树的耐荫种重要值最小。[结论]人工恢复与自然恢复群落的物种组成、物种多样性、物种个数都能朝着当地顶级群落演替。相对于自然恢复的次生林,人工恢复的杉木林在短期恢�
[Objective] Artificial recovery and natural recovery are the main ways to recover forest, and they are different in the direction and speed of recovery. The analysis of the difference of stand structure and species composition between the two recovery forests and the primary forest is helpful to understand the change of forest biodiversity under different recovery models, which provides theoretical and practical basis for the artificial recovery and reconstruction of forest ecosystem. [Method] Based on coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest with 36 years natural recovery after artificial planting Chinese fir, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved secondary forest with 32 years natural recovery after clear cutting and primary forest with no human disturbance in Jiulian Mountain(hereinafter referred to as the Chinese fir forest, the secondary forest, the primary forest), we analyze species composition, species diversity and dominance, community structure and functional group across these three forests at three different growth stages(Sapling 1 cm ≤ DBH < 5 cm、treelet 5 cm ≤ DBH < 10 cm and adult tree DBH ≥10 cm), to explore the recovery characteristic change of subtropical forest biodiversity between different recovery modes. [Results] There were 4983 individuals in the Chinese fir forest, belonging to 75 species, 29 families. There were 2 879 individuals in the secondary forests, belonging to 73 species, 26 families. There are 4770 individuals in the primary forests, belonging to 126 species, 38 families. The basal area of saplings in the primary forest or the Chinese fir forest was twice as many as that in the secondary forest, and there was no significant difference in the treelet stage among the three forests. The basal area of the adult trees in the secondary forest and Chinese fir forest was respectively 37% and 70% of the primary forest. The trend of species-area, species-abundance of individuals and species-species rank between Chinese fir forest and secondary forest was similar. However, the accumula
作者
刘斌
张参参
汪金松
李张敏
欧阳园丽
陈维
陈伏生
卜文圣
LIU Bin;ZHANG Can-can;WANG Jin-song;LI Zhang-min;OUYANG Yuan-li;CHEN Wei;CHEN Fu-sheng;BU Wen-sheng(Jiulianshan National Observation and Research Station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem,College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Key laboratory of ecosystem network observation and modeling,institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve,Longnan 341700,Jiangxi,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期42-52,共11页
Forest Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31760134&31870427)
江西省自然科学基金(20171BAB214032)
江西九连山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站运行补助项目。
关键词
物种多样性
群落演替
人工恢复
自然恢复
亚热带森林
species diversity
community succession
artificial recovery
natural recovery
subtropical forest
