摘要
五帝时代是中华文明的起点,中华民族文化的源头。黄帝部族不仅是五帝时代出现最早的部族,也是活动发展在中原地区的部族。研究中华文明,不能不研究五帝时代;研究五帝时代,也不能不研究黄帝。五帝时代中华文明多点同时起源、多元并行发展的格局,到了夏商周三族三代便转变为以中原文化为核心的多元一体格局。这一格局转变的动因,即在于黄帝部族在中原地区发展农耕生产、不断融合周边部族、扩大势力范围;而"多元一体"格局仍然以中原为核心,正体现了黄帝部族文化的深远影响力与中华文明发展的连续性特点。五帝时代的研究涉及到多方面的问题,需要结合文献学、历史地理学、考古学、民族学等多学科作综合考虑。五帝时代与中华文明起源还应该放在当时中国的世界体系由东亚体系转为欧亚体系这个大背景下来把握。早年童恩正先生提出的由东北斜向西南的半月形青铜文化带,是造就五帝时代至夏商周三代在中原地区持续发展的深层次原因,值得深入研究。
The Era of the Five Emperors is the starting point of the Chinese civilization and the source of Chinese national culture.The Yellow Emperor tribe is not only the earliest tribe in the Era of the Five Emperors,but also the tribe whose activities developed in the Central Plains.To study the Chinese civilization,we must study the Era of the Five Emperors.To study the Era of the Five Emperors,we must study the Yellow Emperor tribe.In the Era of the Five Emperors,the Chinese civilization started from multiple points at the same time and developed in multiple parallel ways.During the Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties,the development changed into a"unity in diversity"pattern with the Central Plains culture as the core.The motivation of this change lies in the development of farming production,the continuous integration of neighboring tribes and the expansion of influence of the Yellow Emperor tribe in the Central Plains.Meanwhile,the"unity in diversity"pattern still has the Central Plains as its core,which reflects the far-reaching influence of the Yellow Emperor tribe and the continuity of the development of the Chinese civilization.The study of the Era of the Five Emperors involves many issues,which needs to be conducted with comprehensive consideration in combination with philology,historical geography,archaeology,ethnology and other disciplines.The Era of the Five Emperors and the origin of the Chinese civilization should be understood against the general context that the world system in China then was changing from the East Asian system to the Eurasian system.The crescent-shaped bronze culture belt tilted from northeast to southwest put forward by Mr.Tong Enzheng earlier,which is the underlining reason for the sustainable development of the Chinese civilization in the Central Plains from the Era of the Five Emperors to the Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties,is worth further scrutinization.
出处
《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2020年第4期22-40,157,共20页
Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition
