摘要
目的了解凉山州HIV感染产妇流行病学特征,为进一步落实预防艾滋病母婴传播综合干预服务提供科学依据。方法利用全国预防艾滋病母婴传播管理信息系统数据和预防艾滋病母婴传播工作月报表,回顾性描述2011-2016年报告的HIV阳性孕产妇的分布及传播特点。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行χ~2检验和趋势性χ~2检验。结果 2011-2016共报告HIV感染产妇3200例,报告数逐年递增,孕晚期及产时报告占76.1%。HIV产妇的平均年龄为(29.6±6.0)岁,96.7%为彝族,96.4%为农民,小学及以下文化程度(96.6%);报告地点聚集在布拖、昭觉、越西、美姑等4县;20.9%(667例)为初产,感染途径主要以性传播(76.3%)为主,其次为注射毒品传播(13.3%)。结论 2011-2016年凉山州报告HIV阳性孕产妇呈上升趋势,地理聚集性特征明显,性传播是HIV感染的主要途径,存在发现晚的现象。建议注重HIV健康教育,强化孕产妇自我防护和保护意识;发现孕情时同时开展HIV检测和孕期保健重要性咨询工作,促进病人早发现。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS pregnant women reported in Liangshan Prefecture in order to provid evidence for further on-the-ground prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS(PMTCT)services.Methods The data was collected from the national information system of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS and the monthly report of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS from 2011 to 2016,the characteristics of distribution and transmission of HIV-positive pregnant women were retrospective described and analyzed.Results A total of 3200 HIV-infected pregnant women were reported from 2011 to 2016,and the number of reported cases had increased year by year,with 76.1%of cases reported in 3 rd trimester or at the time of delivery.The average age of cases was(29.6±6.0)year-old,of whom 96.7%were Yi nationality,96.4%were farmers,and 96.6%were with primary school education and below.The cases were mainly reported in 4 counties,including Zhaojue,Butuo,Yuexi and Meigu.For all the reported HIV-infected pregnant women,20.9%were primiparity,the main transmission route was sexually transmitted infection(76.3%),then the drug injection(13.3%).Conclusion An up-trend tendency and geographic aggregation were observed in the reported HIV-infected pregnant women in Liangshan prefecture in 2011-2016,sexual transmission is the main route of HIV infection,and the challenge of late reporting was also identified.Given these,the study suggests to further enhance health education to strengthen the self-protection awareness in pregnant women and carry out HIV testing and consultation on the importance of health care during pregnancy to promote early detection of patients.
作者
吴君梅
刘鹏
彭竞
赖文红
樊鹤莹
马永娟
卓玛拉措
WU Junmei;LIU Peng;PENG Jing;LAI Wenhong;FAN Heying;MA Yongjuan;ZHUOMA Lacuo(Center for Women and Children’s Health and Family Planning Services of Liangshan Prefecture,Xichang 615000,Sichuan Province,China;Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2020年第6期696-701,共6页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
HIV
孕产妇
流行病学特征
HIV
pregnant women
epidemiological characteristics
