摘要
本文以大数据与人工智能的正比例关系为线索,分析了信息技术普及和数字经济发展背景下公民基本权利面临的危机以及宪法体制进行创新的契机。过度强调隐私会限制个人数据的收集和应用,使人工智能难以迅速进化;反之,则会造成机器官僚主义的独裁、问责机制的瓦解——这是当今宪法学的一个悖论。笔者认为,随着机器学习能力不断加强,算法黑箱化问题日益严重,以技术制衡技术将成为自然人对机器人进行间接管制的重要方式。疫情防控中智慧网络用于社会基层治理的实例和外国电子政府的经验也证明:把集权式的人工智能算法与分权式的区块链协议结合起来进行合理的机制设计,有可能成为新时代宪法秩序变迁的方向。
Using the proportional relationship between big data and artificial intelligence as a clue,the paper analyzes the crisis of the fundamental rights of citizens and the opportunities for innovation in the constitutional system in the context of the popularization of information technology and the development of the digital economy.The overemphasis on privacy would limit the collection and application of personal data,making it difficult for artificial intelligence to evolve rapidly;conversely,it would lead to the dictatorship of machine bureaucracy and the collapse of accountability mechanisms,which is a paradox of contemporary constitutional science.The author argues that as machine learning capabilities continue to increase and black box algorithms become a growing problem,the checks and balances between technologies will become an important way for humans to exercise indirect control over robots.The example of intelligent networks used for grassroots governance in the prevention and control of epidemics and the experience of foreign digital governments also prove that a reasonable mechanism design,which combines centralized artificial intelligence algorithms with decentralized blockchain protocols,may direct the changes in the constitutional order in the new era.
出处
《南大法学》
2020年第1期1-12,共12页
NanJing University Law Journal
关键词
监视社会
算法歧视
算法黑箱与问责
机器人权
区块链协议
宪法体制创新
Surveillance Society
Algorithmic Discrimination
Algorithms Black Box and Accountability
Human Rights of Robots
Blockchain Protocol
Innovation in the Constitutional System
