摘要
中国农村劳动力流动特征的变化不仅对区域劳动力供需平衡产生影响,也影响农民收入水平的提高和农村家庭收入结构的优化。文章对农村劳动力外出、回流、再外出的流动现象进行了分析,并利用2013和2018年上海财经大学千村调查数据进行实证检验。结果发现,中国农村劳动力存在反复流动的现象,外出的原因主要为增加收入,回流的原因主要为照顾老人及子女等非经济因素,流出地与流入地在政治、社会及环境生态等方面的差异促使回到流出地的劳动力心理成本不降反增而再外出,再外出的原因还与农业经营收入的相对低稳定性有关。厘清农村劳动力回流与再外出的机制和影响因素,有利于制定保持区域劳动力供需平衡的相关政策。
Changes of rural labor mobility in China not only influence local labor supply and demand balance,but also affect the increment of farmers’income and the optimization of their income structure.Using the data from“A Survey of Thousands of Villages in China”conducted by Shanghai University of Finance and Economics in 2013 and 2018,this paper analyzes the phenomenon of rural labor migration,return and remigrating.The research shows that the rural labor force in China usually has repeated flows.The main reason for them to go out is income promotion,the main reason to return is to take care of the children and elderly.The differences of politics,society and ecological environment between migratory place and immigratory place prompted the increase of psychological cost of laborer who had already back to migratory place and their migrate again.The reason to remigrate is related with the low income stability of agriculture,in addition to psychological concerns.It is important to clarify the mechanism and influencing factors of rural labor’s migration,return,and remigrating in order to design policies towards a regional labor supply-demand balance.
作者
吴方卫
康姣姣
Wu Fangwei;Kang Jiaojiao
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第3期47-60,127,共15页
Chinese Journal of Population Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“劳动禀赋时空异质性变化下我国种植业结构调整问题研究”(编号:71873082)的阶段性成果。
