摘要
目的分析北京市丰台区9~22岁学生视力不良影响因素,为制定相关防控措施提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,纳入中小学生共计1450人,开展2018年学生视力检测及问卷调查。结果北京市丰台区1450名中小学生视力不良检出人数为1056人,检出率为72.8%,男女生视力不良检出率女生高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=7.117,P<0.01)。小学生视力不良发生率最低(53.8%),高中生最高(87.7%)。单因素分析显示,做作业时间、家长限制电视和电脑使用时间、读写姿势及老师提醒读写姿势、日常用眼习惯(天黑后、走路及乘车看书看屏幕习惯,看电视、电脑时眼离屏幕距离,近距离用眼休息频率)、每天看电脑及移动电子设备时间、睡眠时间、父母近视情况对中小学生视力不良有影响,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多因素分析显示,性别、学段、做作业时间、家长是否限制看电视或玩电脑/电子游戏的时间、每天看电脑时间、每天使用电子移动设备时间、每天睡眠时间、父母近视情况均是中小学生视力不良的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论学生在家近距离用眼时间、睡眠时间及家长是否限制看电视电脑等电子屏幕是影响视力的主要因素,家长要对学生在家用眼情况加强监管,学生自身要注重健康的生活方式,增加户外活动和体育锻炼时间,以减少室内用眼过度情况。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of myopia among students aged 9-22 years old in Fengtai District of Beijing,provide reference basis for formulating relevant prevention and control measures.Methods A total of 1450 primary and secondary school students were enrolled by stratified cluster random sampling method for visual acuity test and questionnaire survey.Results There were 1056 students of myopia in 1450 primary and middle school students in Fengtai District of Beijing,with the detection rate of 72.8%.The detection rate in female students was higher than that in male students,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=7.117,P<0.01).The incidence rate of myopia was the lowest in primary school students(53.8%),and the highest in senior high school students(87.7%).The results of single factor analysis showed that homework time,parents’restriction on TV and computer use time,reading and writing posture and teacher’s reminder of reading and writing posture,daily habit of using eyes(after dark,reading on the screen when walking and driving,distance between eyes and screen when watching TV and computer,frequency of short distance rest),time of watching computer and mobile electronic equipment every day,sleeping time and myopia of parents had an impact on the poor eyesight of primary and secondary school students,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that gender,school period,homework time,whether parents limit watching TV,playing computer or video games,watching computer every day,using electronic mobile devices every day,sleeping every day,and myopia of parents were the influencing factors of poor eyesight of primary and secondary school students(all P<0.05).Conclusion The main factors that affect eyesight are the time that students use their eyes in close distance at home,sleep time and parents’restriction on watching TV,computer and other electronic screens.Parents should strengthen the supervision of students’eyes use at home,and
作者
吴岩
陈黎黎
石荣兴
芦然
周敏
WU Yan;CHEN Li-li;SHI Rong-xing;LU Ran;ZHOU Min(School Health Department,Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100071,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第6期833-836,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
北京市丰台区
学生
视力不良
影响因素
Fengtai District of Beijing
Students
Low vision
Influence factor
