摘要
冗余资源对企业瞬时竞争优势有重要影响,但已有研究对两者关系有竞争性观点.此外,既有研究缺少对冗余资源影响瞬时竞争优势的内在机制及其适用条件的理论解释和证据.为了弥补这两个研究空白,本文整合企业行为理论和资源约束理论,提出并检验了冗余资源与瞬时竞争优势的正U型曲线关系,以及中介机制和情境因素.利用软件行业企业的调查数据,研究发现:1)冗余资源和瞬时竞争优势呈正U型关系;2)冗余资源和创业拼凑呈正U型关系;3)创业拼凑在冗余资源和瞬时竞争优势的非线性关系间起中介作用;4)环境不确定性、资源柔性对冗余资源和创业拼凑的关系起正向调节作用;5)创业拼凑的中介效应受到环境不确定性、资源柔性的正向调节.研究表明,在超竞争环境下,冗余资源是企业瞬时竞争优势的重要来源,但企业必须警惕“中等资源陷阱”;同时,冗余资源的绩效意义通过创业拼凑得以实现,且创业拼凑的中介作用在高环境不确定性和高资源柔性的条件下更显著.研究结论对拥有冗余资源,尤其是过剩产能的企业有重要的实践启发.
Slack resources have an important influence on firm’s temporary competitive advantages,however,there are conflicting views on whether slack resources will increase temporary competitive advantages. In addition,scholars know little about how slack resources are translated into firm temporary competitive advantages and what conditions enable such translation. To fill these gaps,this paper integrates the behavioral theory of the firm and resource constraints literature to explore and test a U-shaped relationship between slack resources and temporary competitive advantages as well as its mediating mechanism and moderating conditions. Our empirical research on the 279 validated questionnaires from software firms indicates: 1) slack resources have a Ushaped relationship with temporary competitive advantages;2) slack resources have a U-shaped relationship with entrepreneurial bricolage;3) slack resources indirectly influence temporary competitive advantages through entrepreneurial bricolage along a U-shaped path from slack resources to entrepreneurial bricolage;4)both environmental uncertainty and resources flexibility strengthen the U-shaped relationship between slack resources and entrepreneurial bricolage;5) environmental uncertainty and resources flexibility jointly strengthen the mediating role of entrepreneurial bricolage in the relationship between slack resources and temporary competitive advantages. The results suggest that slack resources are important sources of firm’s transient competitive advantages within the broad context of hyper-competitive conditions,while firms should be cautious about‘middle slack resources trap’. Moreover,entrepreneurial bricolage is an important mediator between slack resources and temporary competitive advantages,particularly when the levels of environmental uncertainty and resources flexibility are high. The research conclusions have important practical implications for firms with slack resources,especially those with excess capacity.
作者
于晓宇
陈颖颖
YU Xiao-Ju;CHEN Ying-ying(School of Management,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;College of Business,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)
出处
《管理科学学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期1-21,共21页
Journal of Management Sciences in China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71972126,71772117)
上海市教育委员会科研创新计划(人文社科重大项目)(2019-01-07-0009-E00078).
关键词
冗余资源
创业拼凑
瞬时竞争优势
环境不确定性
资源柔性
超竞争
slack resources
entrepreneurial bricolage
temporary competitive advantages
environmental uncertainty
resources flexibility
hyper-competition
