摘要
康德在《纯然理性界限内的宗教》中将恶定义为道德法则与自爱原则间次序的颠倒,但很多研究者认为这个定义无法说明恶在现实中的无穷表现。针对这一批评,本文以康德文本为起点,遵循“从经验到先验,再从先验到经验”的逻辑顺序,首先从恶的具体准则还原出恶的先天理知结构,然后在康德实践哲学背景下的先验主体间领域探索该结构的含义,最后借助恶的先验规定反思它的经验表达,由此证明康德对恶的单一定义能够充分解释人类现实中无穷多样的恶行。
In Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason,Kant defines evil as the reversal of the order between the moral law and the principle of self-love;however,for many scholars,this definition fails to do justice to the infinite manifestations of evil in reality.Against this criticism,this article first deduces the a priori intelligible structure of evil from concrete evil maxims;then explores the exact meaning of this structure in the realm of transcendental inter-subjectivity,within the context of Kant s practical philosophy;and finally reconsiders the empirical expressions of evil by means of its transcendental determination.Thus,starting from Kant s texts and following the logical sequence of“first from the empirical to the transcendental,then from the transcendental to the empirical,”it is possible to account rather sufficiently for the infinitely manifold evil behaviors present in human reality using Kant s single definition of evil.
出处
《哲学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期97-108,129,共13页
Philosophical Research
