摘要
在相当意义上,《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的缔结是大国政治博弈与话语权争夺的结果,非遗保护运动的展开很快演化为文化治理的政治技艺。长时段观之,中国的非遗保护运动延续了传统中国文化演进的上下回还、流转的内在逻辑。现代民族国家意涵的凸显与赋予,加强了不同阶层、群体、行业、地域文化的自我澄清以及一统性。家国情怀的激发,则助力中华民族共同体意识的筑牢。然而,受镜头美学和行政管理逻辑支配的“馆舍非遗”保护模式,使得非遗保护运动的表述和实践多少背离了保护文化多样性和服务传承主体的初衷。要使非遗工作进一步发挥筑牢中华民族共同体的功用,就须将“馆舍非遗”还归于民,将源自民俗的非遗再民俗化,使之成为真正支撑人之“生”的文化。如此,“个人的非遗”也就有着革命性的内涵,对于相关学科的建设、中华民族共同体的筑牢和世界范围内的非遗保护将具有重要意义。
In a significant sense,the establishment of the ICH Convention was the result of a political game and competition for speaking right between the major powers,and the development of the ICH movement quickly evolved into a political art of cultural governance.From a long-term perspective,China’s ICH movement continues the internal logic of the upward-downward flow of traditional Chinese cultural evolution.The prominence and empowerment of the consciousness of the modern nation-state reinforces the self-clarification and unification of the cultures of different classes,groups,industries and regions.The stimulation of home and country feelings helps firmly establish the consciousness of the Chinese national community.However,because of the dominance of the instrumental rationality to construct a strong cultural state,the expression and practice of the ICH movement has somewhat deviated from the original purpose of protecting cultural diversity and serving the subjects of heritage,resulting in the prevalence of the "exhibition-hall" ICH which is governed by the aesthetics of lens and the logic of administration.In order for the ICH movement to further serve the purpose of firmly establishing the Chinese national community,ICH derived from folklore must be returned to the people and re-folklorization,so that it can truly become a vernacular culture.In this way,the larger self can be effectively internalized by the smaller self.Moreover,Personal ICH is also of revolutionary connotations to the construction of related disciplines,strengthening of Chinese national community and the protection of ICH worldwide.
出处
《民俗研究》
北大核心
2023年第1期26-38,156,157,共15页
Folklore Studies
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金项目(项目批准号:22XNLG09)的阶段性成果。
关键词
个人的非遗
馆舍非遗
民族共同体
personal intangible cultural heritage
"exhibition hall"ICH
national community
