摘要
中小学教师职业性别失衡是我国各地区普遍存在的问题。本研究从社会比较的视角出发,基于华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院"中国教师发展调查"平台收集的15424份中小学教师有效问卷,考察社会比较各维度对教师职业吸引力影响的性别差异。研究发现,教师职业能给予女性更多的向上认同(即"惺惺相惜")和向下对比(即"优越感强"),使其认为自己属于"高端"行业,且与"低端"行业拉开差距,这对教师职业吸引力具有显著的正向影响;教师职业给予男性更多的向上对比(即"自叹不如")和向下认同(即"同病相怜"),使其认为自己属于"低端"行业,且与"高端"行业存在差距,这对教师职业吸引力具有显著的负向影响;在社会比较两种效应中,男性教师职业吸引力受到"对比效应"的影响更大。基于上述研究结论,文章从提高教师经济地位、社会地位和政治地位出发,提出有效提高教师职业对男性吸引力的建议。
Gender imbalance in teaching profession of primary and secondary school gender imbalance is a common problem in China. Based on the perspective of social comparison theory, this study using 15424 valid questionnaires to examines the gender differences in the impact of various dimensions of social comparison on teacher career attractiveness. This study found that teaching profession give female more upward assimilation and downward contrast making them think that they belong to the"high-end"industry, which has a significant positive impact on the attraction of teaching profession. Meanwhile, teaching profession give male more upward contrast and downward assimilation making them think they belong to the"low-end"industry,which has a significant negative impact on the attraction of teaching profession. To the male, contrast effect of social comparisons has a bigger impact on attraction of teaching profession is more affected by contrast. Based on the perspective of improving teachers’ economic, social and political status, this study puts forward suggestions to increase the attractiveness of teaching profession to male.
作者
吴晶
金志峰
葛亮
Wu Jing;Jin Zhifeng;Ge Liang(National Institutes of Educational Policy Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062;China Institute of Education and Social Development,Beijing Normal Universilty,Beijing 100875;School of Management,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)
出处
《教育发展研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期59-68,共10页
Research in Educational Development
基金
华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院智库项目“中小学教师性别失衡的成因及优化对策研究”(20190121)的部分成果。
关键词
社会比较
教师职业吸引力
性别差异
social comparison
attraction of teaching profession
gender difference
