摘要
在大力推行教育扶贫和乡村振兴的政策背景下,县级高中在维护社会公平和发展县乡经济的过程中扮演着重要角色。利用2007-2017年国内顶尖高等学校A大学的本科生源信息,以一本线作为高考难度的测度,使用双重固定效应模型,研究高考难度对县级高中学生精英大学入学机会及对入学机会集中程度的影响,发现高考难度的降低会显著提高县级高中学生的精英大学入学机会,同时会降低少数高中对精英大学入学机会的垄断程度,使其分布更加均衡。因此,在保证高考人才筛选功能的同时,应当兼顾其对教育公平的作用,要充分考虑县级高中学生和城市高中学生的相对差距,不能一味追求试题难度而忽略其促进代际流动的功能;同时,要提高县级高中自身的教育质量。
Under the policy of poverty alleviation through education and the strategy for rural revitalization,county-level senior high schools play an important role in maintaining social equity and developing rural economy. The present study,based on the data from elite university A’s undergraduate students between 2007 and 2017,and the minimum scores for admission to the first-tier universities(used to measure the difficulty of university admissions),used a two-way fixed effect model to probe into the effect of the difficulty of the college entrance examinations(CEE)on county-level senior high school students’ opportunities to be admitted into elite universities,and the concentration of those opportunities within a provincial-level division. The results show that decreasing the difficulty of the CEE helped significantly improve county-level senior high school students’ opportunities to be admitted into elite universities,and reduce the monopoly by a small quantity of senior high schools for the admissions to elite universities within a provincial-level division. Therefore,the CEE should attach equal importance to both selection of talents and educational equity,and take into account the gap between county-and municipal-level senior high school students;we cannot simply increase the difficulty of the CEE,or ignore the CEE’s function of promoting intergenerational mobility;also,we are supposed to improve the educational quality of county-level senior high schools.
作者
郭丛斌
张首登
万博绅
Guo Congbin;Zhang Shoudeng;Wan Boshen(the Institute of Economics of Education(Key Research Institute in University),Peking University;the Graduate School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871)
出处
《教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期111-123,共13页
Educational Research
关键词
高考
试题难度
精英大学
高中教育
College Entrance Examination
difficulty of an exam
elite university
senior high school education
