摘要
目的了解养老机构老年人衰弱、抑郁与孤独感现状及其相互关系。方法采用FRAIL衰弱量表、老年抑郁量表、孤独感量表及自制一般情况调查问卷对重庆市某养老机构405位老人进行问卷调查,并对数据进行统计分析。结果收到有效问卷394份,其中176例(44.67%)受试者处于衰弱前期,49例(12.43%)受试者有明显衰弱;116例(29.44%)受试者存在不同程度的抑郁情绪,284例(72.08%)受试者有孤独感;同时具有衰弱(前期或明显衰弱)及抑郁情绪的老年人有96例(24.36%),同时具有衰弱(前期或明显衰弱)及孤独感(轻、中、重度)的老年人有203例(51.52%);相关分析结果示抑郁得分与衰弱得分呈正相关(r=0.528,P=0.000);孤独感得分与衰弱得分呈正相关(r=0.569,P=0.000)。回归分析结果示孤独感、抑郁、自评健康状况、性格及是否服用安眠药物是老年衰弱的几个主要因素。结论机构养老老年人抑郁情绪、孤独感及衰弱的发生率较高,且抑郁与孤独情绪可以加重老年衰弱的发生。护理人员在临床护理当中应该密切关注老年人心理健康及情绪变化,预防老年人衰弱的进展,提高老年人晚期生活质量。
Objective to investigate the nursing institution for the elderly neurasthenia,depression and loneliness status and their relationship.Methods A total of 401 elderly people in nursing home in Chongqing were investigated by using the geriatric depression scale,loneliness scale and self-made general situation questionnaire,and the data were statistically analyzed.Results 394 valid questionnaires received among them176 cases(44.67%)in prefrail,49 cases(12.43%)are significantly weakened;116 cases(29.44%)have different degrees of depression,284 cases(72.08%)with loneliness,96 cases(24.36%)with weak(early or obvious weakness),at the same time with depression;203 cases(51.52%)has weak(early or obvious weakness)and loneliness(light,severe);The results of correlation analysis showed inhibition Depression scores associated with frailty scores positively(r=0.528,P=0.000);loneliness scores associated with weak score positively(r=0.569,P=0.000);the score of depression and loneliness scores were positively correlated(r=0.798,P=0.000).Regression analysis showed that loneliness,depression,self-rated health,personality,and whether the use of sleeping pills is several main factors of elderly weakness.Conclusion The incidence of depression,loneliness and weakness was higher among the elderly in institutions,and they are closely related.and depression and loneliness can aggravate old weakness.We should pay close attention to the mental health and emotional changes in elderly in clinical nursing.To prevent the decline of the elderly and improve their quality of life.
基金
重庆市卫生和计划生育委员会医学科研项目资助项目(编号:2016MSXM016)。
关键词
老年人
抑郁
孤独感
衰弱
Elderly
Depression
Loneliness
Frailty
