摘要
目的了解滨州市社区老年群体的自我健康管理现状,为相关部门开展社区健康管理和提供有效的健康服务提供依据和参考。方法采用一般资料问卷、CES-D和老年人自我健康管理(自我健康感知、健康相关行为和健康相关知识)问卷,抽取滨州市4个县1个区450名老年人进行问卷调查。结果58.4%的老年人月收入不足千元,医疗保障方式单一;自我健康感知:58.6%的老年人自评健康状况等级为"一般"和"差",心理健康状况总分(28.10士8.74)分;慢性病患病率高达99.7%,血压、血糖和血脂是最大的健康困扰,视力下降、噎呛和记忆力下降是老年人最突出的健康问题;在社区最担心慢性病发作、发生跌倒等意外;健康相关知识平均得分(6.96±2.59)分;健康相关行为平均得分(39.06±4.26)分。结论滨州市社区老年群体经济收入水平较低,养老和医疗保障不充分;自评健康状况与实际健康状况均不理想,心理健康状况不容乐观;健康相关知识掌握程度低;吸烟、饮酒、运动和低盐饮食等健康相关行为落实情况较差,但寻求健康知识的主动性较高。
OBJECTIVE To understand self-health management situation of the elderly in communities of Binzhou,to provide evidence and references for government to carry out community health management and provide effective health services.METHODS 450 elderly from 4 counties and 1 district of Binzhou participated the research through filling out general information questionnaire,CES-D and elderly self-health management questionnaire(self-health perception,health related behavior and health related knowledge).RESULTS58.4%participants had income less than 1000 yuan per month,and had single type of medical insurance.On self-health perception,58.6%participants described self-health status as"average"and"poor",overall score of mental health status was(28.10±8.74).99.7%elderly diagnosed with chronic illness.Blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid were the main health concerns,vision loss,choking and memory loss were the most prominent health problems.On health related knowledge,average score was(6.96±2.59).Average score of health related behavior was(39.06±4.26).CONCLUSION In Binzhou,elderly had low economic income level and insufficient health and medical security;both self-assessment health status and actual health status were unsatisfactory;mental health status were not well.The health related knowledge level was low among elderly and the implementation of health related behaviors such as smoking,drinking,exercise,low-salt diet,were poor,but with high initiative to seek for health knowledge.
作者
张丽
郝玉玲
谷可东
孙亚楠
ZHANG Li;HAO Yu-ling;GU Ke-dong(Binzhou Medical University,Yantai,Shandong,264000,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2020年第1期72-74,共3页
Chinese Primary Health Care
基金
2015年山东省高等学校教学改革项目(2015M030)
2018年度滨州市社会科学规划重点研究课题(18-SHGH-46)。
关键词
社区
老年群体
自我健康管理
现状
community
elderly group
self-health management
current status
