摘要
爆发力是快速力量为主导的体育项目中决定运动成绩的重要因素,爆发力的任何变化都有可能造成冠军或者名次的改变,因此如何在赛前准备活动中更大程度地提高运动员比赛时的爆发力成为近年来研究的重点。不断去追求和探索更加合理的、有效的激发运动员爆发力的方法和手段,成为运动员和教练员们所关注的内容。随着学界对于后激活增强效应(postactivation potentiation,PAP)的研究愈发深入,发现后激活增强效应有可能成为通过赛前准备活动提高运动员在比赛中爆发力的突破点,对PAP的功能及其在运动能力上应用的关注和研究与日俱增。许多研究人员在运动试验中,通过诱导出PAP提高了运动员的竞技表现,但因这些实验的变量选取纷繁复杂,研究多集中在PAP对运动能力即时性提升的效果,而PAP诱导效果的影响因素尚不明确。从生理机制、诱导条件与适用运动员特点3个方面进行梳理,分析研究PAP产生的生理机制,PAP进行诱导刺激所需的条件,以及适合通过PAP提高运动水平的运动员的特点,旨在为我国教练员和运动员在竞技训练实践中合理利用PAP提供有益参考。
Explosive power is an important factor that determines athletic performance in sports dominated by fast power,any change in explosive power may af fect the championship or position change,therefore,how to improve the explosive power of athletes in the pre-competition activities to a greater extent has be come the focus of research in recent years,the continuous pursuit and exploration of more reasonable and effective methods and means to stimulate the explosive power of athletes have become the focus of athletes and coaches.With the deepening of academic research on Postactivation Potentiation(PAP),we found that PAP may be the breakthrough point to improve the explosive power of athletes in the competition through pre-competition preparation,more and more attention is paid to the function and application of PAP in sports ability,many researchers have improved athletic performance by inducing PAP in exercise experiments,however,due to the complicated selection of variables in these experiments,most studies focused on the effect of PAP on the improvement of the immediacy of ex ercise ability,the influencing factors of PAP induction effect are still unclear.In this study,the physiological mechanism,induction conditions and characteris tics of applicable athletes were sorted out,to study the physiological mechanism of PAP,to analyze the conditions required to induce stimulus to PAP,to explore the characteristics of athletes suitable for improving their sports through PAP,the purpose is to provide useful reference for Chinese coaches and athletes to make rational use of PAP in competitive training practice.
作者
刘恒源
刘志云
哈建伟
金宗强
赵亮
邸世晶
LIU Hengyuan;LIU Zhiyun;HA Jianwei;JIN Zongqiang;ZHAO Liang;DI Shijing(Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China)
出处
《天津体育学院学报》
CAS
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期42-47,共6页
Journal of Tianjin University of Sport
基金
天津市自然科学基金(项目编号:16JCYBJC29100)。
关键词
后激活增强效应
生理机制
诱导条件
适用运动员
综述
Postactivation Potentiation
physiological mechanism
induction conditions
applicable athletes
review
