摘要
"国朝三家"说本于清康熙间宋荦等《国朝三家文钞》的编纂和流传。推究其因,"三家"并称原本出于宋荦一己之私意,但却得到时人附和,认为侯方域、魏禧、汪琬三人堪称文人典范,表征"布衣"精神,适足以"齐名"。《国朝三家文钞》着力揭橥古文的文化渊源和文体精神,表现出康熙年间文坛为古文定界、塑形和示范的自觉和努力。该选本冠以"国朝"之名,并以"三家"之文标示清初"风气还淳"的趋向,标志着朝廷与民间共同认可的古文形态的确立,展现出清朝独特的文治气象。"国朝三家"并非历史事实,而是"文化建构"的结果,不足以概括清初古文、乃至散文的历史状貌。
The term"three prose writers of our Qing dynasty"was popularized after the compilation and spreading of Song Luo’s The Anthology of Three Prose Writers of Our Qing Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Kangxi.While this term was purely Song Luo’s personal coinage,it was widely accepted by his contemporaries who considered Hou Fangyu,Wei Xi,and Wang Wan as the paragons of literati for their"civilian spirits",upright personality and responsibility for the country.Song’s Anthology epitomizes the cultural origins and stylistic standards of classical prose,demonstrating literati’s consciousness and efforts to define,mold,and exemplify the styles of classical prose during Kangxi reign.Through the prose writing of Hou,Wei,and Wang,Song’s Anthology demonstrates the plain and honest social morality during the early Qing period.The title of this anthology also suggests the establishment of a style of classical prose accepted by both the court and common people,reflecting the unique scene of civil administration during the Qing dynasty.The"three prose writers of our Qing dynasty"is a cultural construction rather than a historical fact,however,and it does not try to portray the historical landscape of classical prose during the early Qing dynasty.
作者
郭英德
Guo Yingde(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《文艺理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期75-86,共12页
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代散文研究文献集成”[项目编号:14ZDB066]阶段性成果。
关键词
“国朝三家”
宋荦
布衣
古文
文教
"three prosers of our Qing dynasty"
Song Luo
commoners
classical prose
civil administration
