摘要
通过分析国内外飞行人员睡眠障碍及航空医学评估情况,探讨我军开展飞行人员睡眠障碍的航空医学管理方法,笔者引用36篇国内外公开及内部发表的期刊论文及科技报告,对比分析我空军与美国空军目前睡眠障碍的发病情况及航空医学鉴定方法,主要指出以下问题:美国空军对飞行人员睡眠疾病有明确的体格标准及对应特许指南,我军缺乏相应条款;国内外常见睡眠障碍类似,但我军在航卫保障方面缺乏完善体系;飞行人员睡眠障碍的航空医学关注重点在于飞行人员日间警觉性下降、认知功能损害,易出现飞行疲劳最终导致飞行事故,以及增加心脑血管疾病风险而影响飞行寿命;我军现行飞行人员体格标准制定于1996年,涵盖疾病有限,未明确提出睡眠疾病鉴定项,缺乏相应航卫保障程序。笔者提出了制定适应我军飞行人员的睡眠障碍筛查及相应航卫保障方法是保障飞行安全,提升部队战斗力的新时代部队训练模式的需求。
We analyzed sleep disorders and related aviation medical assessment of aircrews at home and abroad in order to explore aviation medical management methods for sleep disorders in Air Force aircrews.Thirty-six related articles and science reports published in journals or on the Internet were cited to compare and analyze the current incidence and aviation medical evaluation of sleep disorders in military aircrews between China and the US.There were four major?ndings.Firstly,the US Air Force has set up medical standards and waiver guidelines to manage and evaluate sleep disorders in aircrews,while Chinese Air Force still lacks corresponding provisions.Secondly,the types of sleep disorders in China and the US are similar,but there is no related system for such medical support in China.Third,the major concern of aviation medicine about sleep disorders is that they may damage daytime alertness,impair cognition,cause fatigue,and may even result in?ight accidents.They can even increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Fourth,the medical standards of China Air Force were established in 1996.The diseases included in the standards are limited and there are no clearly stated items about sleep disease identi?cation,which in turn results in the lack of medical support procedures.In conclusion,methods for screening and corresponding medical support for sleep disorders in aircrews need to be established to ensure?ight safety and enhance combat effectiveness during military training.
作者
于东睿
王涵月
王广云
高和
鱼敏
崔丽
YU Dongrui;WANG Hanyue;WANG Guangyun;GAO He;YU Min;CUI Li(Aircrew Office,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)
出处
《空军医学杂志》
2020年第1期83-87,共5页
Medical Journal of Air Force
基金
全军后勤科研重大项目(AKJ15J003)。
关键词
军事飞行人员
医学鉴定
睡眠障碍
military aircrew
medical evaluation
sleep disorder
