摘要
目的了解广西壮族自治区南宁市诺如病毒疫情的流行特征,为诺如病毒的防控提供科学依据。方法收集2015年1月至2019年1月南宁市诺如病毒疫情的实验室检测结果、个案信息、3起疫情调查报告,进行统计分析。结果实验室共确诊51起诺如病毒疫情,2016年和2017年的疫情占62.75%,GⅡ组引发的疫情占90.20%。GⅠ组和GⅡ组引发的疫情占9.80%。9月至次年1月为疫情的高发期,共有2个流行峰,各峰强度有所不同。青秀区、宾阳县、江南区、兴宁区是疫情的高发区,报告疫情占68.63%。25起疫情发生在幼儿园,占49.02%。男性与女性患者的阳性率差异无统计学意义,临床症状以呕吐、腹泻为主。共采集病例标本481份,无症状人员标本289份,水标本36份,诺如病毒阳性率分别为60.50%、8.30%、16.67%。48起疫情传播途径未明,占94.12%。结论 GⅡ组诺如病毒是南宁市诺如病毒疫情的主要毒株,秋冬季为疫情高流行期,流行峰与国内外同步。需对高发县区和高发机构进行重点关注,加强宣教。同时提高疫情处置能力,迅速查明传染源,切断传播途径。开展诺如病毒测序,掌握流行基因型别,及时发现变异或重组毒株。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infection in Nanning and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of norovirus infection. Methods The test results of norovirus infection epidemics, case information and 3 epidemic investigation reports in Nanning from January 2015 to January 2019 were collected for statistical analysis. Results A total of 51 norovirus epidemics were laboratory confirmed. The epidemics occurred in 2016 and 2017 accounted for 62.75%, and the epidemic caused by norovirus GⅡ accounted for 90.20%, and the epidemics caused by norovirus GⅠ and GⅡ accounted for 9.80%. The incidence was high during September-January. Two incidence peaks with different intensities were found. The epidemics mainly occurred in Qingxiu, Binyang, Jiangnan and Xingning districts, where the reported epidemics accounted for 68.63%. Twenty five epidemics occurred in child care settings,accounting for 49.02%. There was no significant difference in positive rate between males and females. The clinical symptoms were mainly vomiting and diarrhea. In 481 case samples, 289 samples of asymptomatic persons and 36 water samples, the positive rates of norovirus were 60.50%, 8.30%, and 16.67%, respectively. The transmission routes of 48 epidemics were unknown, accounting for 94.12%. Conclusion Norovirus GⅡ was the major pathogen causing norovirus epidemics in Nanning. Autumn and winter were the seasons with high incidences, showing the incidence peaks synchronized with the epidemics occurred both at home and abroad. It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and control of norovirus infection in areas or settings with high-incidences, strengthen health education, improve the power of epidemic response for the rapid identification of infection source of infection and blocking the transmission route and conduct norovirus gene sequencing to identify epidemic genotypes and detect variants or recombinant strains in time.
作者
农皓
刘昊晖
杨丞
詹鑫婕
尹刘江
秦剑秋
Nong Hao;Liu Haohui;Yang Cheng;Zhan Xinjie;Yin Liujiang;Qin Jianqiu(Nanning Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530023,Guangxi,China)
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2019年第12期1104-1108,共5页
Disease Surveillance
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹经费科研基金(No.Z20170721)
2017年南宁市人才小高地专项资金(No.2017040)~~
关键词
诺如病毒
疫情
流行特征
传播途径
Norovirus
Epidemic
Epidemic characteristic
Transmission route
