摘要
目的分析福建省病毒性腹泻疫情的基本特征、变化趋势和疫情处置情况。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,分析突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统报告的2018—2021年福建省病毒性腹泻暴发疫情特征和变化趋势。结果2018—2021年福建省共报告病毒性腹泻暴发疫情112起,其中与诺如病毒有关111起(99.11%),累计报告病例3548例,总罹患率为3.09%(3548/114960),发病人数逐年上涨;秋冬季(11月至次年1月)高发,夏季均无病毒性腹泻疫情的报告;疫情发生主要场所为幼托机构(49.11%,55/112);最主要的传播途径是人传人(78.57%,88/112),呕吐物处理不当是导致人际间传播事件的主要原因。实验室检测结果显示,112起疫情中检出轮状病毒1起(0.89%),检测出诺如病毒111起(99.11%),诺如病毒疫情检出GⅡ型55起(49.55%),未分型的有51起(45.95%)。疫情报告时间间隔中位数2.12 d,持续时间中位数3.09 d,两者之间呈正相关(r=0.671,P<0.01)。结论2018—2021年福建省病毒性腹泻疫情起数和波及人数总体呈上升态势,诺如病毒呈现秋冬季高发和隔年高发特征;主要发生场所为幼托机构,人传人是最主要的传播途径;应加强对疫情高发时间段和重点场所管控,及早发现、报告和处置疫情。
Objective To analyze the basic characteristics and secular trends of,as well as response to,viral diarrhea outbreaks in Fujian Province from 2018 to 2021.Methods The reported events related to viral diarrhea outbreaks in Fujian Province in the period 2018-2021 were extracted from the public health emergency management information system,and the epidemiological characteristics and trends of the outbreaks were analyzed.Results During the four-year period from 2018 to 2021,a total of 112 viral diarrhea outbreaks were reported in Fujian Province,of which 111 were related to Norovirus(99.11%).A total of 3548 cases were reported,with an attack rate of 3.09%(3548/114960).The number of reported cases increased year by year.Epidemic peaks were observed in fall and winter(from November to January of the following year),while no outbreak had been reported in summer.The outbreaks in Fujian mainly occurred in childcare institutions(49.11%,55/112),and mainly transmitted by person-to-person route(78.57%,88/112).Improper handling of vomitus was the main cause of person-to-person transmission.Laboratory test showed that rotavirus was detected in only 1(0.89%)of the 112 outbreaks,and norovirus was detected in the other 111.G Ⅱgenotypes were detected in 55 norovirus-related outbreaks(49.55%),and the norovirus in 51 outbreaks was unclassified(45.95%).The median reporting interval time of the viral diarrhea outbreaks was 2.12 days,and the median duration of the viral diarrhea outbreaks was 3.09 days,with a positive correlation between the two(r=0.671,P<0.01).Conclusions From 2018 to 2021,the number of viral diarrhea outbreaks and the number of people affected have been generally increasing in Fujian Province.The outbreaks related to norovirus are characterized by high incidence in fall and winter.The main place of occurrence is childcare institutions,and person-to-person transmission is the main route.It is necessary to strengthen monitoring of potential epidemic time periods and key places,timely detect,report and respond to outbr
作者
陈光敏
蒋弘萌
翁淑琴
张冬娟
郑奎城
CHEN Guangmin;JIANG Hongmeng;WENG Shuqin;ZHANG Dongjuan;ZHENG Kuicheng(The School of Public Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期1040-1044,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10103008)
福建省卫健委科技计划项目(2020GGB019)
福建省科技创新平台建设项目(2019Y2001)
关键词
病毒性腹泻
暴发疫情
流行特征
Viral diarrhea
Outbreak
Epidemiological characteristics
