摘要
为改善重大灾害后受灾人员的心理应激状态,提出一种个体面视角下重大灾害后心理干预行为教育对策,分析重大灾害对个体产生的影响可知:重大灾害后受灾个体的认知会出现混乱,并且对自己心理异常问题会具有逃避心理。而我国重大灾害后心理干预起步较晚、认识存在误区、心理咨询医生专业水平较低、心理干预的持续性较差,并且灾害教育缺少法律保障;因此需要遵循正常性、协作与互动、区别对待的心理干预行为教育基本原则,基于阶段形式、整合形式以及特殊发展形式,构建心理干预服务体系,采用构建与使用灾害教育场地、心理倾听、疏导、宣泄、放松方法对个体进行心理干预,增强个体灾害意识;通过日常灾害教育媒体宣传与集中宣传,向个体实行有关的灾害教育知识和技能普及。
In order to improve that mental health status of the disaster-stricken people after major disasters, this paper puts forward a kind of psychological intervention behavior education countermeasures after major disasters from the perspective of individuals, and analyzes the impact of major disasters on individuals. It can be seen that the cognition of the affected individuals will be confused after major disasters, and they will have the escape psychology to their abnormal psychological problems. However, the psychological intervention after major disasters in China started late, there are misunderstandings in understanding, the professional level of psychological consultation doctors is low, the persistence of psychological intervention is poor, and the disaster education lacks legal protection. So you need to follow normal sexual, collaboration and interaction, and the distinction between psychological intervention behavior education basic principles, based on the phase form, integration and special form of development, build a psychological intervention services system, the methods of constructing and using disaster education venues, psychological listening, dredging, catharsis and relaxation are used to intervene the individual psychologically and enhance the individual disaster consciousness, and to popularize the relevant disaster education knowledge and skills to the individual through the propaganda and centralized propaganda of the daily disaster education media.
作者
张颖博
李娟维
ZHANG Yingbo;LI Juanwei(North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering Student Affairs Department Mental Health Centre,Langfang 065000,China;North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering School of Computer and Remote Sensing Information Technology,Langfang 065000,China)
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期189-193,共5页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(11402002)
关键词
个体视角
重大灾害
心理干预
行为教育
倾听
疏导
individual angle of view
major disasters
psychological intervention
behavioral education
listen to
channel
