摘要
“美国优先”理念对国际秩序走向带来深刻影响。基于此理念,特朗普政府确立“有原则的现实主义”,权力竞争回潮;掀起“退群”运动,国际制度体系动荡;蔑视自由民主规范和价值观,自由主义价值理念面临被颠覆的危险。国际秩序领域出现的诸多变化,已远非国际秩序转型所能概括,自由国际秩序陷入危机。越来越多的国家由过去争论美国领导世界的方式,到疑虑美国是否还将继续领导世界;美国也从过去专注于维护美国在国际秩序中的领导地位,兼顾新兴经济体对于自由国际秩序内部权力与利益相脱节现象的改革诉求,到如今聚焦美国应如何更好提升自身实力以平息国内白人蓝领阶层等对美国参与经济全球化、领导自由国际秩序所带来的国内利益损益严重不均现状的不满与排斥。我们需全面理性认识并积极管控“美国优先”冲击下国际秩序在特征、动因与议题领域所呈现的一系列危机性变化,这是维护战后国际秩序基本稳定与合理化变革的重要前提。
The Trump administration’s"America First"policy is exerting a far-reaching impact on the evolution of the international order.Victory in great power competition has returned as America’s top strategic priority.U.S.withdrawal and pullback from a number of international agreements and organizations has undercut the integrity of international institutions.Disregard for liberal democratic norms and values is undermining liberalism’s reigning position.The liberal international order is in deep crisis.In the past,people argued over the best way for America to lead the world.Now they are doubtful about America’s leadership role.Where once Washington was bent on maintaining its leadership position while accommodating emerging powers demands for greater representation and voice,today it is focusing on increasing its own national strength to appease the disaffected and alienated white blue collars who see themselves as victims of growing inequalities stemming from deepening globalization and foolhardy pursuit of American supremacy.China’s response to the shock waves of America First must begin with a full account and better understanding of the characteristics and crises of an evolving international order.
出处
《国际展望》
CSSCI
2020年第1期46-65,155,共21页
Global Review
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“‘美国优先论’冲击下的国际秩序对中国影响及其应对研究”(19CGJ031)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目“中美安全战略演进与东亚安全秩序转型”(3262019T63)的阶段性成果
关键词
美国优先
自由国际秩序
权力竞争
制度动荡
America First
liberal international order
power competition
institutional disarray
