摘要
碳纳米材料(carbon nanomaterials)具有优异的力学、导热、导电等性能,且强度、模量与导热率远高于现有金属材料,是金属基复合材料增强体的最佳选择之一。将碳纳米材料和钛合金复合,通过调整碳纳米增强相的含量和分布等,有望大幅提高钛基体的力学强度、导电、导热等性能,获得性能优异的结构功能一体化材料。然而,碳与钛化学相容性差,成型过程中二者易发生化学反应,导致碳纳米增强相结构被破坏。因此,如何调控碳纳米增强相与钛基体之间的界面反应成为提升复合材料性能的关键。基于此,综述了利用粉末冶金法制备碳纳米材料增强钛基复合材料的国内外研究进展,介绍了制备纳米碳-钛复合材料的成型工艺,并探讨了其界面结构和性能;最后总结了纳米碳-钛复合材料现阶段的突出问题和可能的解决方案,并展望了未来纳米碳-钛复合材料的发展方向。
Carbon nanomaterials with excellent mechanical and conductive performances,whose strength,modulus and thermal conductivity are much greater than metal materials,are one type of the best reinforcements for metal matrix composites. Compounding carbon nanomaterials with titanium and its alloys,by adjusting the content and distribution of carbon nano-reinforcements,is expected to noticeably improve the mechanical strength,electrical and thermal conductivity of the titanium matrix. Thus,nano-carbon/Ti composites may become structural and functional integrated material. However,the chemical compatibility between carbon and titanium is poor,so that they are prone to chemically react with each other during preparation process. It may cause the structural destruction of the carbon nano-reinforcement. Therefore,how to control the interface reaction between carbon nano-reinforcement and titanium matrix becomes a key to improving the performance of the composites. Based on this,the research progress of carbon/Ti composites by powder metallurgy methods was reviewed. The forming processes of carbon nanomaterials reinforced titanium composites( nano-carbon/Ti composites) were introduced,while its interface structure and properties were discussed. Finally,the critical problems and possible solutions of nano-carbon/Ti composites were summarized for guiding its future development.
作者
晏琪
陈彪
李金山
YAN Qi;CHEN Biao;LI Jinshan(State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期1061-1073,共13页
Materials China
基金
中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金建设项目(18GH030202)
西北工业大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(G2018KY0301)
