摘要
合理有效的人群疏散是应对超强台风灾害、保障人民群众生命安全的重要措施。针对超强台风灾害的疏散问题,以疏散车辆为研究对象,以区域疏散完成时间即从开始疏散到疏散结束耗时最短为优化目标,在分析超强台风灾害的特点和受灾区域道路交通网情况的基础上,考虑疏散需求、安置点容量限制等约束,建立了疏散路网模型和疏散车辆路径规划模型,并设计了基于矩阵编码的遗传算法对车辆路径规划模型进行求解。最后利用MATLAB进行数值仿真模拟试验,试验结果表明,所建立的模型能够为决策者提供科学有效的疏散路径规划方案。
In this paper,we would like to study methods on how to shorten the evacuation time and improve the evacuation efficiency in front of the serious threat of the violent typhoon disasters based on the predictable time and space evolution characteristics. As is well known,what is most important in facing typhoon disasters is to do reasonable and effective crowd evacuations to ensure the safety and security of the local residents. And,for this purpose,successful evacuation time should be taken as the time from the beginning to the end of the evacuation process,which should be optimized to its minimalist. Therefore,in this paper,it is recommended to establish first of all an evacuation road network model with the multiple evacuation sites and multiple resettlement sites by analyzing the road network traffic situation in the area before the disaster threats hit. And,then,it would be necessary to identify and determine the shortest routes between each evacuation site and the resettlement sites by Dijkstra algorithm by streamlining the expected evacuation network model. Once the model has been worked out,next step would be to find the best evacuation route. In view of the previous experience,it would be necessary to evacuate the nearby inhabitants and the other people involved with the available vehicles. In such a case,it is needed to transform the crowd evacuation path into a problem of the so-called evacuation vehicle route planning( VRP). And,then,it is of great certainty to suppose that all the evacuation outlets are beginning to evacuate at the same time,say,it is necessary to take longer hours for finishing the evacuation before establishing the route planning model. Seeing the evacuation demands in terms of evacuation sites and the limited constraints of the resettlement sites,we prefer to establish a vehicle route planning( VRP) model in hoping to shorten the maximum evacuation completion time. Besides,since the vehicle path planning( VRP) is a NP-Hard that is difficult to solve,we would like to propose to use a
作者
洪振杰
陈亮
叶永
HONG Zhen-jie;CHEN Liang;YE Yong(College of Mathematical Physics and Electronic Information Engineering,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,Zhejiang,China;School of Public Health and Management,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325035,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期1669-1675,共7页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ16G010005)
浙江省新苗人才计划项目(2018R429026)
关键词
公共安全
人群疏散
超强台风
路径规划
遗传算法
public safety
crowd evacuation
super typhoon
route planning
genetic algorithm
