摘要
目的了解重庆市15岁及以上成人对吸烟及二手烟危害的认识现状。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样法,抽取全市16个区县,对15岁及以上成人进行成人烟草问卷调查,共调查6 478人。对数据加权后,运用SPSS 21.0进行数据分析,分析不同特征人群对烟草危害的认知情况。结果该市15岁及以上成人对吸烟会引起肺癌、心脏病、脑卒中和阴茎勃起障碍的知晓率由高到低依次为81.8%、49.2%、42.0%和25.0%。同时知晓吸烟会引起肺癌、脑卒中、心脏病和阴茎勃起障碍4种疾病的比例为22.1%。成人对二手烟会引起成人肺癌、儿童肺部疾病和成人心脏病的知晓率由高到低依次为69.8%、64.6%和42.7%。同时知晓二手烟会引起心脏病、成人肺癌和儿童肺部疾病3种疾病的比例为39.6%。仅13.7%的人对低焦油卷烟有正确认知,认为低焦油卷烟和普通卷烟的危害一样。城乡、教育水平、是否吸烟在烟草危害知晓率方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重庆市成人对烟草危害的知晓率有待提高,应该积极开展控烟宣传,提高公众对烟草危害认知,从而预防和控制烟草流行。
Objective To understand the current situation of hazard awareness of smoking and secondhand smoke among adults aged 15 and above in Chongqing.Methods The multistage cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 16 districts and counties of Chongqing,and Tobacco Questionnaire Survey for adults over 15 years old conducted.A total of 6 478 people were investigated.After data weighting,SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis the awareness of tobacco hazard in groups with different characteristics.All analyses were conducted under the complex survey data analysis module.Results The awareness rate of lung cancer,heart disease,stroke and erectile dysfunction could be induced by smoking was 81.8%,49.2%,42.0%and 25.0%,respectively,among adults aged 15 and above in Chongqing.The percentage of adults who knew that lung cancer,stroke,heart disease and penile erectile dysfunction can all be caused by smoking was 22.1%.The awareness rate of secondhand smoking in inducing adult lung cancer,childhood lung disease,and adult heart diseases among adults aged 15 and above was 69.8%,64.6%and 42.7%,respectively.The percentage of adults knowing that heart disease,adult lung cancer and childhood lung disease can all be caused by secondhand smoking was 39.6%.Furthermore,only 13.7%of the investigated had a correct understanding of low-tar cigarettes,which were just as harmful as regular cigarettes.The differences of awareness rate were statistically significant between urban and rural areas,among people with different education level,and smoking status(P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of tobacco hazards among adults in Chongqing needs to be improved.It should actively carry out tobacco control publicity,and improve public awareness of the hazards of tobacco,so as to prevent and control the tobacco epidemic.
作者
贺月
汪洋
黄浩
秦天
吴成斌
陈小丹
代佳男
何苗
周杨
李京芙
HE Yue;WANG Yang;HUANG Hao;QIN Tian;WU Chengbin;CHEN Xiaodan;DAI Jianan;HE Miao;ZHOU Yang;LI Jingfu(School of Public Health and Management,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Chongqing Health Education Institute,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《现代医药卫生》
2019年第21期3267-3271,共5页
Journal of Modern Medicine & Health
关键词
烟草
危害
认知
现状
成人
Tobacco
Hazard
Cognition
Current situation
Adults
