摘要
义符的句法倾向性是指义符在句法上的倾向性水平。通过三项研究,探讨义符的句法倾向性及其对形声字词类判断的影响。研究1统计2 500个常用汉字中的形声字,考察有不同义符汉字的词类分布。结果表明,大多数义符有明显的句法倾向性。在161个义符中,129个有明显的表词类功能,占80.12%。研究2要求汉语母语者对161个义符的句法倾向性赋值,考察主观评定结果与客观统计结果的一致性程度。结果表明,汉语母语者对义符的表词类功能评定与对2 500个常用字中形声字的统计结果相关显著,说明义符的句法倾向性具有心理现实性。研究3操纵义符的句法倾向性水平,发现义符的句法倾向性影响汉语母语者对汉语动词与名词的分类,有高句法倾向性义符的词被更快地确定为动词或名词,表明义符的句法倾向性影响对汉字词句法意义的提取。
This paper discussed the syntactic tendencies of Chinese morphemes and their influences on the word class judgment of semantic-phonetic compound characters. Study 1 made statistics of the semantic-phonetic compound characters in 2 500 commonly used Chinese characters. The results showed that most morphemes have obvious syntactic tendencies. Study 2 investigated the consistency between subjective evaluation results and objective statistical results. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between Chinese native speakers’ evaluation and the objective statistical results,indicating that the syntactic tendencies of Chinese morphemes have psychological reality. Study 3 manipulated the levels of syntactic tendencies ofChinese morphemes,and found that they affected the classification of Chinese verbs and nouns by the native speakers. To be specific,the characters with high syntactic tendency were identified as verbs or nouns more quickly than the ones with low syntactic tendency,which indicates that the syntactic tendencies of Chinese morphemes affect the extraction of syntactic meanings of Chinese characters.
作者
张积家
王斌
刘红艳
ZHANG Ji-jia;WANG Bin;LIU Hong-yan
出处
《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期80-91,190,191,共14页
Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition
基金
国家民委民族问题研究重点项目“少数民族学生双语学习认知规律研究”(2017-GMA-004)
关键词
义符
句法倾向性
形声字
词类判断
Chinese morpheme(Yi Fu)
syntactic tendency
semantic-phonetic compound character
word class judgment
