摘要
洪水是全世界范围内最严重的自然灾害之一,不仅会造成严重的经济社会损失,而且流经污染源的洪水可 能对当地的生态环境造成负面影响,然而目前针对洪水的生态环境影响评估方法的研究较为缺乏。本文构建了一 套可以半定量地评估洪水污染的生态环境影响的评估体系,该评估体系主要包括四部分:(1)识 别与筛选洪水可 能造成的生态环境后果类型,(2)确 定洪水淹没范围内潜在污染源的危害程度等级,(3)确 定洪水淹没范围内的受 体敏感度等级,(4)综 合污染源危害程度和受体敏感度两个指标,确定生态环境影响严重性程度。将构建的评估 体系应用于南水北调中线一期工程某高填方渠段,分析了12个溃堤洪水方案对当地的生态环境影响的严重性程 度,研究结果表明12个洪水方案对当地的生态环境的影响均较小,该评估体系可以较好地分析对比不同洪水方 案造成的生态环境影响严重性程度。
Flood is one of the most serious natural disasters worldwide.It not only has significant and nega?tive impacts on the economy and society,but also has potentially adverse consequences on ecology and en?vironment when floods are polluted by the flood-exposed pollutant sources.However,few studies focus on ecological and environmental impact assessments under different flood scenarios.In this paper,a methodolo?gy is developed which is able to half-quantitatively evaluate the effects of floods on ecology and environ?ment.The methodology consists of four parts.First,the negative ecological and environmental consequences caused by floods are identified.Second,the hazard level of potential pollutant sources within the flood ex?tents is identified.Third,the protection level of protected areas within the flood extents is identified.Last,we use matrix method to comprehensively combine aforementioned two levels and then get the severity level of the ecological and environmental impacts.We apply this methodology to a part of high fill channel of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project and evaluate the ecological and environmental im?pacts under 12 different levee break flood scenarios.The results show that all of the flood scenarios have small adverse impacts on local ecology and environment.The developed methodology can be well used to an?alyze and compare the degree of impacts on ecology and environment under different flood scenarios.
作者
俞茜
李娜
王艳艳
丁留谦
杜晓鹤
王静
YU Qian;LI Na;WANG Yanyan;DING Liuqian;DU Xiaohe;WANG Jing(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Research Center on Flood&Drought Disaster Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《中国水利水电科学研究院学报》
北大核心
2019年第4期293-298,共6页
Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508003)
南水北调中线一期工程安全风险评估项目Ⅲ标段—洪水风险评估(JZ0203A242016)
清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室开放基金(sklhse-2019-B-06)
关键词
洪水
生态环境影响
污染源
受保护对象
flood
ecological and environmental impacts
pollutant sources
protected area
