摘要
小微企业融资难是一世界性难题,信息不对称被认为是重要致因。大数据作为主要以数字化方式对事物属性进行记录的符号,对其开发利用可大幅缓解借贷双方的信息不对称,主要通过促进借款者信息传递和增加贷款者信息搜寻两条路径实现。一者,大数据中所含对借款者交易细节的详细记录可作为证据对借款者提供的软信息予以硬化或证实从而促进向贷款者的传递,大数据对交易细节的详细记录、长期保存和广泛共享将使融资交易由单次变成重复博弈从而遏制借款者的机会主义和信息粉饰动机从而进一步减少信息软性并促进传递。二者,数字化的记录形态意味着机器能更多地取代人工进行信息搜寻,这将降低搜寻成本从而增加贷款者的信息搜寻。借款者信息传递障碍减少和贷款者信息搜寻增加将缓解小微企业融资交易所涉严重信息不对称进而促进其融资。使大数据更"大"以更好地发挥融资促进作用有赖于相关制度的完善和相关技术的进步。
The difficulty of financing small and micro enterprises is a worldwide problem mostly attributed to asymmetric information between borrowers and lenders.As symbols recording mainly in digitized way the attributes of objects and events,Big Data cansignificantly alleviate the asymmetry thus the financing constraints, mainly in two ways.Firstly,the detailed recordings of transaction process of borrowers in Big Data can be used as evidences to verify or harden the soft information disclosed by borrowers and facilitate the information transmission,the detailed recordings of transaction process and the long term storing and widely sharing of them will change the financing from a singleton game to a repeated one,thus restrain borrowers' opportunism and incentives to window dress the information,which will decrease information softness and facilitate transmission. Secondly,digitization means more substitution of machine for human in gathering and processing information, thus lower searching cost and lenders doing more information searching.Borrowers' easier transmission and lenders' more searching will help bridge the information gap and relax the financing constraints.Development of relative institutions and technologies will make Big Data much bigger thus play a more powerful role in increasing SME financing availability.
作者
邹迪
ZOU Di(School of Economics and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《北京经济管理职业学院学报》
2019年第3期30-39,共10页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Economics And Management
关键词
大数据
小微企业融资
信息不对称
软信息与硬信息
big data
small and micro enterprises financing
asymmetric information
soft and hard information
