摘要
基于余淼杰和张睿的企业-产品层面出口质量测算方法,通过对2001-2006年出口目的国及中国工资增速对中国出口产品质量增速影响的实证检验,结果发现:目的国工资增长对中国出口产品质量增速的贡献主要源于发达国家而非发展中国家,体现了"富国效应",行业类型不影响该结论;就作用机制来看,发达国家外溢效应主要通过要素替代效应而非收入效应实现,由此解释了发展中国家工资增长对中国出口产品质量增速不具有显著贡献的原因,并且,发达国家外溢效应通过出口产品的进入-退出机制实现,持续出口的产品质量增速未获得显著提升。此外,中国广义工资增长对出口产品质量增速的贡献具有普适性,体现了本国竞争效应。上述结论体现了入世初期中国作为劳力丰富型国家在全球价值链中的"世界工厂"地位,也表明了在当前人口红利消退的大背景下中国外贸转型面临着一定的挑战。
Based on the firm-product level exports quality index provided by YuMiaojie and ZhangRui(2017), this paper examines the effect of destination countries and Chinese wage growth on the quality growth of Chinese exports during the year of 2000-06. Empirical results show that the contribution of destination countries wage growth to Chinese exports quality growth stems mainly from developed countries rather than developing countries, which tells the "rich-country effect" and isn’t affected by industry type. As for the mechanism, the spillover of developed countries acts on Chinese exports’ quality through the factorsubstitution effect rather than the income effect, explaining why wage growth in developing countries contributes little. Besides, such a spillover effect works via entry-exit mechanism among Chinese exports,while quality growth of those continuously exporting is weak. In addition, the general wage growth in China contributes to the growth of exports quality universally, exhibiting the domestic competition effect. These conclusions reflect China’ s role of " world factory" in the early years of joining the World Trade Organization, as well as the enormous pressure of trade transformation nowadays.
作者
余淼杰
黄杨荔
张睿
YU Miaojie;HUANG Yangli;ZHANG Rui
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第9期32-45,共14页
Academic Monthly
基金
国家杰出青年基金项目“国际贸易与中国经济转型发展”（71625007）
国家社科重点项目“企业创新与全要素生产率提升和质量升级研究”（16AZD003）
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“产品质量、企业绩效与国际贸易研究”（15JJD780001）的阶段性成果
关键词
出口质量
质量升级
富国效应
export quality
quality upgrading
rich-country effects
