摘要
人工智能时代已翩然而至,带来诸多变化和挑战,应慎重应对人工智能技术可能带来的新的刑事风险。智能机器人具有辨认和控制能力,可作为受刑事处罚的主体,其刑事责任呈现两面性的特征。智能机器人的开发者或操作者故意利用智能机器人实施犯罪行为时,刑事责任应由开发者和操作者作为直接正犯来承担。智能机器人的开发者和操作者对于智能机器人造成的危害结果,视其是否违背预见义务以及是否具有预见可能性,可能承担过失犯罪的刑事责任或按意外事件处理。人工智能技术发展迅猛,应在法律制度框架的约束和指引下充分发挥其功用,并防范其弊端,在智能机器人研发应用的风险性与刑事归责的合理性之间寻求平衡。
The era of artificial intelligence has quietly arrived,bringing various challenges and new changes. We should take seriously the new criminal risks that artificial intelligence technology may bring.Intelligent robot has the ability to recognize and control,and can be subject to criminal punishment;besides,its criminal responsibility is two-sided. When the intelligent robot developer or operator intentionally use the intelligent robot to commit a crime,the criminal responsibility should be borne by the developer and operator as the direct principal offender. The development of intelligent robot and the operator of the harm caused by the intelligent robot,depending on whether it violates the obligation to foresee and whether it has the possibility to foresee the different circumstances,may assume the criminal responsibility of the negligent crime or according to the accident. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,its core value should be brought into play under the correct guidance and constraints of the legal system framework,so as to give full play to its functions and prevent its disadvantages, and to find a good balance between the rationality of criminal responsibility and the risk of intelligent robot research and application.
作者
张金钢
ZHANG Jingang(Law School,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)
出处
《重庆理工大学学报（社会科学）》
CAS
2019年第8期87-94,共8页
Journal of Chongqing University of Technology（Social Science）
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“法秩序统一性视野中的刑民矛盾及其排除”(14BFX042)
华东政法大学优秀博士学位论文培育项目“刑行交叉问题之乱像考察与处理进路”(2019-1-002)
关键词
人工智能
智能机器人
刑事责任
刑责承担范围
artificial intelligence
intelligent robot
criminal responsibility
scope of criminal liability
