摘要
目的:对泌尿系感染住院患者病原菌监测结果进行分析,为指导抗菌药物临床合理使用,提高泌尿系感染控制效果提供参考。方法:以2010年1月-2018年12月笔者所在医院109例泌尿系感染住院患者为研究对象,采集患者中段尿液样本行病原学检测,观察细菌分布情况与耐药性。结果:109例患者尿培养病原学检测均呈阳性,单一病原菌感染105例(96.33%),联合感染4例(3.67%),非重复菌株共计113株,其中革兰阴性菌占69.91%,革兰阳性菌占23.89%,另分离少数支原体和真菌,菌株主要科室来源为外科、内科、妇产科。单一菌种以大肠埃希菌比例最高,占51.33%,粪肠球菌次之,占12.39%。药敏试验结果显示,大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑林等耐药性强,对左氧氟沙星、亚胺培南、美罗培南等敏感性高,粪肠球菌对庆大霉素、红霉素等耐药性强,对万古霉素、呋喃妥因、替考拉宁等敏感性高。结论:泌尿系感染病原菌种类多样,以大肠埃希菌和粪肠球菌最为常见,不同致病菌对抗菌药物的敏感性不同,临床治疗泌尿系感染应根据尿培养及耐药性监测结果合理选择抗菌药物,以保证治疗效果,同时降低和控制耐药率。
Objective:To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of urine culture pathogens in hospitalized patients with urinary tract infection.Method:A total of 109 hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections from January 2010 to December 2018 were enrolled in this study.The middle urine samples were collected for pathogen detection to observe the distribution of bacteria and drug resistance.Result:109 patients were positive in urine culture,105 cases(96.33%) were infected by single pathogen,4 cases(3.67%) were combined infection,and 113 strains were non-repetitive strains,of which Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 69.91%,and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.89%,a small number of mycoplasma and fungi were isolated.The main sources of the strains were surgery,internal medicine,obstetrics and gynecology.The single strain had the highest ratio of Escherichia coli,accounting for 51.33%,followed by Enterococcus faecalis,accounting for 12.39%.The results of drug susceptibility test showed that Escherichia coli had strong resistance to Ampicillin and Cefazolin.It had high sensitivity to Levofloxacin,Imipenem and Meropenem,and the Enterococcus faecal was highly resistant to Gentamicin and Erythromycin,and had high sensitivity to Vancomycin,Nitrofurantoin and Teicoplanin.Conclusion:Urinary tract infections are common with Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis.Different pathogenic bacteria have different susceptibility to antibiotics.Clinical treatment of urinary tract infections should be based on the results of urine culture and drug resistance monitoring to ensure the therapeutic effect,and reduce and control the drug resistance rate.
作者
郑海涛
冯光日
孙世宏
邱晓蓉
赵岩岩
ZHENG Haitao;FENG Guangri;SUN Shihong(Zhongshan Suhuazan Hospital of Shiqi,Zhongshan 528400,China)
出处
《中外医学研究》
2019年第19期160-162,共3页
CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICAL RESEARCH
关键词
泌尿系感染
尿培养
病原菌
种类分布
耐药性
Urinary tract infection
Urine culture
Pathogenic bacteria
Species distribution
Drug resistance
