摘要
国际组织的主体资格在经历了从无到有的纷争之后被确立。职能必要说在为其法律人格提供合理依据的同时,亦被用以解读国际组织是否应当享有豁免。国际组织兴起初期受主要国际公约的影响,为确保国际组织的独立性,多数国家更倾向给予国际组织较大程度的豁免。然而时移事易,人权保护水平不断提高的当今社会,国际组织在相应历史条件下被赋予的绝对豁免所具有的正当性逐渐减弱。限制国际组织的豁免作为另一种可能,将在对国际组织进行有效追责及人权保护水平提升上发挥积极作用。限制国际组织的豁免虽并未成为国际惯例,但其所具有的合理性不容忽视。中国应考虑将限制豁免运用到处理与国际组织之间的关系中来。
Having witnessed various disputes,the subject qualification of international organizations is established from scratch.The functional necessity,while serving as a basis for justifying the legal personality,also contributes to entitling international organizations with immunity.In the early stage when international organizations sprung up,which was under the influence of major international conventions,most countries tended to grant a greater degree of immunity to ensure the independence of international organizations.However,as time went by,in the present society with an increasing level of human rights protection in international engagement,the legitimacy of absolute immunity entitled to international organizations under corresponding historical conditions is in gradual reduction.Limiting the immunity of international organizations as another possibility would play an active role in more effectively holding international organizations accountable and in improving the level of human rights protection.Although the restrictive immunity of international organizations has not become international common practice,its rationality should not be ignored.China should consider applying restrictive immunity when handling relations with international organizations.
作者
何志鹏
姜晨曦
HE Zhipeng;JIANG Chenxi(Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《太平洋学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第7期1-14,共14页
Pacific Journal
基金
国家社科基金重大委托项目“创新发展中国特色社会主义法治理论体系研究”(17@ZH014)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“提升中国话语权与国际法律制度变革”(16JJD820010)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
国际组织
限制豁免
合理性
中国适用
international organization
restrictive immunity
rationality
application to China
