摘要
抑郁症是当今社会面临的重要问题之一。精神病学和法医方面的研究认为,抑郁症患者的自杀实质上是因病死亡。但如果因病死亡是由某种负性生活事件诱发,且负性生活事件的制造与抑郁症患者的死亡之间具有刑法上的因果关系,对于以负性生活事件诱发抑郁症患者死亡的行为人,应当结合实际情况并考虑主观方面进行归罪量刑。行为人明知被害人存在抑郁障碍,意图利用负性生活事件诱导被害人自杀,即主观故意的,应当按照故意杀人罪进行定罪量刑;行为人明知被害人存在抑郁障碍,应当预见到自己导致的负性生活事件有对被害人病情加重死亡作用却没有预见的或轻信能够避免,即主观存在过失的,应当按照过失致人死亡罪定罪量刑;行为人不知被害人存在抑郁障碍,即无故意无过失的,自杀应当认定为意外事件导致的死亡。
Depression is one of the most important problems in today's society.Psychiatric and forensic studies suggest that suicide among patients with depression is essentially death from illness. However,if the death due to illness is caused by some negative life events,and there is a causal relationship between the production of negative life events and the death of depressive patients in criminal law,then the perpetrators of depressive patients'death caused by negative life events should be convicted and sentenced based on the actual situation combined with the consideration of the subjective aspects.If the perpetrator is well aware of the victim's depressive disorder and intends to use negative life events to induce the victim to commit suicide(i.e.the perpetrator is subjectively intentional),then he/she should be convicted and sentenced for the crime of intentional homicide.If the perpetrator is well aware of the victim's depressive disorder and should have foreseen that the negative life events caused by himself/herself would aggravate the victim's illness,but fails to foresee it or readily believes he/she can avoid it (i.e.the perpetrator is subjectively negligent),then he/she should be convicted and sentenced for the crime of negligent homicide.If the perpetrator is unaware of the victim's depressive disorder (i.e.the perpetrator is neither intentional nor negligent),then the suicide should be ruled as death caused by accident.
作者
陈昭伟
刘玉山
CHEN Zhao-wei;LIU Yu-shan(Department of Law,Wuhan College,Wuhan,Hubei,430212;First Hospital of Qinghuangdao,Qinghuangdao,Hebei,066000)
出处
《韩山师范学院学报》
2019年第2期77-81,共5页
Journal of Hanshan Normal University
关键词
抑郁症患者
特殊体质人
自杀
因果关系
刑法评价
depressive patients
individuals with special constitution
suicide
causal relationship
evaluation by criminal law
