摘要
企业间环境协议是实现特定环境目标的有效手段,但也存在限制竞争的风险。反垄断法规制企业间环境协议,必须协调好环境目标与竞争目标的冲突。基于经济、法律与环境间的内在关联,以及环境保护的基础性地位,反垄断法的实施应当整合环境保护的需求。为此,一方面需要对满足特定条件的环境协议排除禁止性规定的适用;另一方面要利用豁免规则,将环境收益纳入效率抗辩的范围之内。在判断是否给予环境协议豁免时,可以对环境协议的目标、其中包含的限制行为的性质、是否促进了经济效率及其对消费者的影响,以及限制竞争的程度是否合乎比例原则等内容作出审查。我国《反垄断法》第15条也规定了环境协议豁免制度,但在豁免标准与豁免条件的设定上,既没有充分考虑环境收益的特殊性,也没有施加比例原则的限制。
Voluntary Environmental Agreements(VEAs) between undertakings provide a more efficient and effective way to protect environment, but they generally violate antimonopoly law. It is necessary to coordinate the conflicts between environmental objectives and competitive goals. Based on the intrinsic connections among economic development, legal system and natural environment, environmental protection requirements must be integrated into the definition and implementation of antimonopoly law. On the one hand, those VEAs which meet specific conditions should be excluded from the prohibitive provisions of antimonopoly law;on the other hand, the environmental benefits should be included in the framework of "efficiency defense". The exemption conditions including imply that the agreements should have proper environmental objectives, hardcore restrictions must not be existed, and the agreements need to realize benefits for consumers that could not otherwise be realized. China’s AML also provides the exemption system of environmental protection, but the exemption conditions there are some unclear. The particularity of environmental benefits has not been fully considered, and the principle of proportionality has not been stipulated in China’s AML.
出处
《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期107-121,共15页
Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大攻关项目(2015年第18号)"经济全球化背景下中国反垄断战略研究"
关键词
企业间环境协议
反垄断法豁免
经济效率
比例原则
VEAs
the exemption system of antimonopoly law
efficiency defense
proportionality
