摘要
[目的]为了利用菌糠与生物炭修复石灰性土壤与植物中Cu污染并确定最佳配施比例以达到修复效果。[方法]通过盆栽试验,研究了生物炭(100g)与菌糠(单施与配施)对石灰性Cu污染土壤中玉米生理特性及Cu累积的影响。[结果]在幼苗期,生物炭与300g菌糠配施处理对提高玉米植株高度效果最好,较对照组提高26.7%。生物炭与300g菌糠配施处理时玉米中叶绿素含量最高,较对照提高71.16%。单独施用300g菌糠处理时,植物体内丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量最低,较对照降低57%;过氧化氢酶活性(Catalase,CAT)最高,较对照高出63%。在成熟期,生物炭与300g菌糠配施处理对提高玉米株高效果最好,比对照高出30.14%。生物炭与300g菌糠配施处理时MDA含量最低,较对照组降低62%;单独施用300g菌糠处理时,玉米体内CAT含量最高,高出对照164%;植物的根部是整株植物中Cu含量最高的部位,由高到低依次为根>叶>果实>茎。生物炭与300g菌糠配施处理的富集系数、转移系数均最低,分别较对照降低33.9%、32.7%。[结论]施用生物炭及与菌糠不同处理均能提高玉米叶绿素含量,提高玉米CAT酶活性,降低逆境或衰老条件下玉米细胞膜所受损伤,并且可以减少玉米各部位Cu含量,缓解玉米所受的Cu胁迫,促进玉米植株的生长。
[Objectives]In order to use the sputum and biochar in Cu pollution repaired in calcareous soil and plants, and to determine the optimal ratio of application that could achieve the repair effect.[Methods]The effects of biochar ( 100 g ) and bacillus (single application and compound application) on physiological characteristics and Cu accumulation of maize in calcareous Cu-contaminated soil were studied by pot experiment.[Results]In the seedling stage, the combination of biochar and 300 g of bacillus was the best application to increase the height of maize plants, which was 26.7% higher than the control group. The content of chlorophyll in corn was the highest when the soil treated with biochar and 300 g bacillus, which was 71.16% higher than the control. When the soil treated with 300 g of bacillus alone, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plants was the lowest, which was 57% lower than the control;the catalase activity (CAT) was the highest, which was 63% higher than the control. At the maturity stage, the combination of biochar and 300 g of bacillary dysentery was the best application for increasing the plant height of maize, which was 30.14% higher than the control. The content of MDA was the lowest when biochar was combined with 300 g of bacillary dysentery, which was 62% lower than the control group. When the soil treated with 300 g of bacillus alone, the CAT content in corn was the highest, which was 164% higher than the control;The root of the plant is the highest content of Cu in the whole plant. The content of Cu is root>leaf>fruit>stem. The enrichment coefficient and transfer coefficient of biochar and 300 g bacillus were the lowest, which were lower than the control(33.9% and 32.7% respectively) Conclusion The application of biochar and different treatments can increase the chlorophyll content of maize,and increase the activity of CAT enzyme in maize,and reduce the damage of corn cell membrane under adverse or aging conditions, and reduce the Cu content in various parts of maize and alleviate the C
作者
郝千萍
李丹洋
杨雄杰
王効挙
程红艳
常建宁
黄菲
Hao Qianping;Li Danyang;Yang Xiongjie;Oh Kokyo;Cheng Hongyan;Chang Jianning;Huang Fei(College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;Center for Environmental Science in Saitama,Kazo city, Saitama 347-0115, Japan)
出处
《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第3期73-80,共8页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
山西省国际科技合作项目(201703D421002)
山西省煤基重大科技攻关项目(FT2014-03)
山西省重点研发计划(重点)项目(201603D211105)
日本学术振兴会科学研究费辅助金(16H05633)
山西省留学基金资助项目(2015-060)
关键词
秸秆生物炭
菌糠
玉米生理特性
重金属
Strawbiochar
Fungus chaff
Physiological characteristics of maize
Heavy metal
