摘要
以‘红颜’和‘黔莓1号’草莓品种为试材,以充分发酵的废菌渣与园土的混合材料为基质,分别设置4个混配比例(CK,1∶2,1∶1和2∶1),研究了不同混配基质对盆栽草莓幼苗生理生长、成花坐果、果实品质及土壤肥力的影响,以期筛选出适合草莓生长的栽培基质,以及为废菌渣作有机质资源化利用提供参考依据。结果表明:以菌渣作为盆栽基质,可降低盆栽土壤pH和容重,增加土壤总孔隙度,显著提高土壤中有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量。与对照相比,2种草莓幼苗生长均以菌渣与园土比为1∶2时表现最佳,其中根冠比、茎粗、最大叶面积均显著提高;定植100 d后根系活力明显提高;开花期和成熟期均明显提前;坐果率、单果质量和维生素C含量均有明显提高,可滴定酸比对照分别降低了6.74%、9.37%。综上,废菌渣作为盆栽草莓栽培基质,可提高土壤肥力,菌渣与园土比为1∶2时,能显著提高‘红颜’和‘黔莓1号’的幼苗生长,促进成花和坐果,提高果实品质。
Two strawberry varieties,named‘Hongyan’and‘Qianmei 1’,were taken as the test materials and the mixed material of the fully fermented waste fungus stick and the garden soil was used as the substrate.Four mixing proportions(CK,1∶2,1∶1 and 2∶1)were set respectively to study the effect of different mixed substrates on the soil fertility,seedling growth,physiological indexes,flowering and fruiting habit,and fruit quality,in order to provide reference for screening the cultivation matrix suitable for strawberry growth,and for the resource utilization of waste fungus sticks for organic material.The results showed that taking waste fungus sticks as the potted substrate could reduce the pH and weight of pot soil,increase the total soil porosity,and significantly improve the content of organic matter,whole nitrogen,alkaline nitrogen lysis,effective phosphorus and potassium.Compared with the control,the seedlings of two strawberry variety showed the best growth performance in 1∶2 of residue to soil.In this ratio,the root crown ratio,stem thickness and maximum leaf area of‘Hongyan’and‘Qianmei 1’were significantly increased.After planting 100 days,the root activity of the two strawberry variety were increased.The flowering period and maturity period of the two strawberry variety were significantly earlier and the sitting fruit rate,single fruit weight,vitamin C content were significantly improved,while the titrating acid decreased by 6.74%and 9.37%compared with the control,respectively.In conclusion,using waste fungus sticks as the cultivation matrix of potted strawberries could improve soil fertility.The 1∶2 mixing ratio could significantly improve the seedling growth of‘Hongyan’and‘Qianmei 1’,promote the formation of flowers and fruit sitting,and improve the quality of the fruit.
作者
姜熠
张文娥
马红叶
潘学军
邓卜丽
JIANG Yi;ZHANG Wen′e;MA Hongye;PAN Xuejun;DENG Buli(Agricultural College,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Institute of Horticulture,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第21期23-30,共8页
Northern Horticulture
基金
贵州省高层次创新型人才培养资助项目(黔科合人才[2016]4038号)
贵州省研究生科研基金资助项目(黔教合YJSKYJJ[2021]054)
贵州省生物学一流学科建设资助项目(GNYL[2017]009)
关键词
废菌渣
设施草莓
生长
土壤肥力
品质
waste bacterial residue
facility strawberry
growth
soil fertility
quality
