摘要
为探讨机动车类型、污染物种类、采样分辨率、道路坡度等9个因素对机动车排放因子的影响,基于机动车比功率,提出红绿灯期间和信号周期内排放因子影响因素分析的建模思路.假定道路坡度为0,对交通需求、信号配时方法、采样分辨率3个影响因素进行全面实验.采用最佳采样分辨率,考虑信号配时方法、东西向坡度、南北向坡度进行正交实验.利用VISSIM软件,获得交通流数据,使用本文方法和MOVES软件,分别计算小汽车、中型车、公交车的CO、HC、NO_x的各类排放因子.结果显示,10 s的采样分辨率能保证计算精度,且减少计算量;上坡使进口道绿灯期间和信号周期内排放因子增加,而下坡使其减少;每类排放因子可表达为道路坡度的三次多项式.研究表明,机动车排放因子对交通需求水平、信号控制方案、采样分辨率、交通流随机性不敏感,但对机动车类型、燃油类型、污染物种类、信号灯色、道路坡度较敏感.
To investigate the influence of nine factors( such as vehicle type,pollutant category,sampling resolution,road grade) on vehicle emission factors,a research framework based on vehicle specific power is put forward to analyze the influence of the emission factors during the signal cycle of traffic light during red and green lights and in asignal cycle. When the road grade is assumed as 0,the overall experiment is carried out based on three factors including traffic demand,signal timing method and sampling resolution.When the optimal sampling resolution is adopted,the orthogonal experiment is carried out by considering signal timing method and the road grades in the east-west and south-north directions.Based on the traffic flow data collected from the VISSIM software,the proposed method and the MOVES software are used to calculate all kinds of emission factors including CO,HC and NOx from car,medium-size vehicle and bus.The results reveal that the sampling resolution of 10 s can both guarantee high computation precision and reduce the computational cost;the emission factors during green light and in a signal cycle increase on the upgrade road,but they decrease on the downgrade road;each emission factor can be expressed as a cubic polynomial of road grade. It is indicated that the vehicle emission factors during signal cycle are not sensitive to traffic demand level,signal control scenario,sampling resolution or traffic flow randomness,but they are sensitive to vehicle type,fuel type,pollutant category,signal color and road grade.
作者
姚荣涵
龙梦
张文松
孙立
YAO Ronghan;LONG Meng;ZHANG Wensong;SUN Li(School of Transportation and Logistics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116024,China)
出处
《北京交通大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期122-131,共10页
JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY
基金
国家自然科学基金(51578111)~~
关键词
交通信息工程及控制
机动车排放
排放因子
信号交叉口
traffic information engineering and control
vehicle emission
emission factor
signalized intersection
