摘要
目的了解上海市浦东新区小学生超重肥胖的现状以及学生的营养知识、态度和饮食行为,为开展学生营养知识宣传与相关行为干预提供依据。方法按照分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取浦东新区6 824名小学生测量身高和体重;随机整群抽取1 122名小学生和家长进行有关的问卷调查,剔除不合格问卷,获得有效问卷1 089份,有效率为97.1%。结果浦东新区小学生超重和肥胖检出率分别为22.0%和10.7%,总超重率为32.7%,其中男生超重、肥胖检出率为24.5%和13.2%,总超重肥胖率为37.8%,女生超重、肥胖检出率为19.0%和7.7%,总超重率为26.7%,男生超重率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=30.111,P<0.01),男生肥胖率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=55.004,P<0.01)。全体学生的营养知识水平偏低,平均得分为(4.68±1.166)分,学生对合理膳食的基本要求、钙元素和维生素C的良好来源等知识掌握比较好,但对于相对专业的营养知识掌握较差。学生对零食、饮料的食用频率较高,1周吃8～14次分别达到10.1%和10.6%,豆类食用频率相对较少。结论上海市浦东新区小学生超重及肥胖检出率已超过全国平均水平,小学生整体的营养知识水平不高,零食、饮料和油炸烧烤等食品食用频率较高。针对这些问题,应结合当地的实际情况积极采取各项措施,培养科学合理的饮食行为。
OBJECTIVE In order to understand the status quo of overweight and obesity among primary school students in pudong new area of Shanghai and the nutritional knowledge,attitude and dietary behaviors of students,it provided a basis for students to publicize nutrition knowledge and conduct related behaviors intervention.METHODS A total of 6 824 primary school students in Pudong New Area were randomly selected to measure their height and weight in accordance with the stratified cluster random sampling method.A total of 1 122 primary school students and their parents were randomly selected to conduct relevant directional surveys.RESULTS The detection rates of overweight and obesity among primary school students in pudong new area were 22.0%and 10.7%respectively,and the total overweight rate was 32.69%.Among them,the detection rate of overweight and obesity in boys was 24.5%and 13.2%,and the total obesity rate was 37.78%.The detection rate of overweight and obese girls was 19.0%and 7.7%,and the total overweight rate was 26.69%.The overweight rate of male students was higher than female students,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=30.111,P<0.01).The obesity rate of male students was higher than that of female students,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=55.004,P<0.01).The nutrition knowledge level of all students is low,with an average score of(4.68+1.166).Students had a good grasp of basic requirements of a reasonable diet,good sources of calcium and vitamin C,etc.,but a poor grasp of relative professional nutrition knowledge.Students had a high frequency of snack and beverage consumption,which reached 10.1 and 10.6%respectively from 8 to 14 times in a week.CONCLUSION The primary school students in Pudong New Area of Shanghai were overweight and obesity detection rate was more than the national average.Overall nutrition knowledge level of students in Pudong New Area was not high.The frequency of eating snacks,drinks and fried barbecue food was relatively high.To solve these problems,it
作者
王燕萍
吴晓飞
WANG Yan-ping;WU Xiao-fei(Shanghai Pudong Jinyang Community Health Service Center,Shanghai,200136,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2019年第4期74-76,共3页
Chinese Primary Health Care
基金
上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会科技发展专项基金资助项目(PW2015C-13)
关键词
学生
肥胖
营养
饮食行为
上海市
students
obesity
nutrition
eating behavior
Shanghai
