摘要
青贮饲料营养丰富,适口性好,易消化且能够长期保存,是反刍动物日粮中最重要的组成部分之一。青贮饲料在收获、发酵以及取用过程中都有可能受到霉菌毒素的污染,其中主要包括黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、赭曲霉毒素A、伏马菌素以及其他真菌次级代谢产物。反刍动物摄取发霉青贮饲料,会对其生产性能及健康产生严重影响。加强青贮饲料收获前、青贮过程及饲喂期的管理,对于减少反刍动物饲料中的霉菌毒素污染至关重要。此外,某些霉菌抑制剂或微生物接种剂也可降低毒素的污染水平。本文主要就青贮饲料生产过程中出现的各种霉菌、霉菌毒素以及其对反刍动物健康的影响进行了综述,旨在为控制青贮饲料制作和饲喂过程中霉菌毒素的污染,降低经济损失提供参考。
Silage is nutritious,palatable,easy to digest and can be preserved for a long time,which make it one of the most important components of ruminant diet.In the process of harvesting,fermentation and utilization,the silage is probably to be contaminated by mycotoxins,mainly including aflatoxin B1,zearalenone,deoxynivalenol,ochratoxin A,fumonisin and other fungal secondary metabolites.Moldy silage is consumed by ruminants,which has a serious impact on production performance and health.Strengthening the management of silage before harvest,fermentation process and feeding period is very important for reducing mycotoxin contamination in ruminant diet.In addition,mould inhibitors or microbial inoculants can also reduce the level of mycotoxins contamination.This paper mainly reviewed the various moulds,mycotoxins and their effects on ruminants during silage production.The aim was to provide reference for controlling mycotoxin contamination and reduce economic losses in the process of silage production and feeding.
作者
赵雪娇
么恩悦
郑健
刘鑫
张永根
ZHAO Xuejiao;YAO Enyue;ZHENG Jian;LIU Xin;ZHANG Yonggen*(College of Animal Science and technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province 150030,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2019年第7期9-13,共5页
China Feed
基金
国家奶牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-36)
