摘要
当前刑法学界对于人工智能刑事责任主体问题的研究走入了一个误区,即立足于刑事古典学派的立场进行研究。刑事古典学派是以限制国家权力,保障人权为目标的。但是,我们并不希望人工智能成为与人类具有同等地位的"人",因而以保障人工智能"人权"为目标的研究是错误的。我们研究人工智能的刑事责任主体地位,目的在于保护人类免受人工智能的侵害,即为了防卫社会。鉴于此,我们应当借鉴刑事近代学派所主张的社会防卫论,创立以人工智能等科技风险为对象的"科技社会防卫论"与"技术责任论",将人工智能作为独立的刑事责任主体,对具有实施了危害社会行为的人工智能施以技术危险消除措施。在人工智能时代,除了会有人工智能这一新的刑事责任主体出现之外,人类犯罪以及人类自身也都会以新的形象出现。
At present, the research on the subject of criminal responsibility of artifi cial intelligence in the fi eld of criminal law has gone into the wrong fi eld, which is based on the view of the Classical School of Criminology. The Criminal Classical School aims to limit state power and protect human rights. However, we do not want artifi cial intelligence to become the "human" with the same status as human beings, this means the research purpose of protecting "human rights"on artifi cial intelligence is wrong. The purpose of studying the subject status of criminal responsibility of artifi cial intelligence is to protect human beings from the infringement of artifi cial intelligence, i.e. defending the human society. In view of this, we should draw lessons from the Theory of Social Defense of the Modern School of Criminology and establish the "Social Defense Theory of Science and Technology" and "Technology Responsibility Theory" aiming at technological risks such as artificial intelligence. Taking artificial intelligence as an independent subject of criminal responsibility and technological risk elimination measures should be taken against artificial intelligence which carried out behaviors harmful to the society. In the era of artificial intelligence, in addition to the emergence of artificial intelligence as a new subject of criminal responsibility, human crimes and human beings themselves will also appear in a new image.
出处
《中国应用法学》
2019年第2期163-175,共13页
China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence
基金
2018年国家社科基金项目"犯罪分层背景下的犯罪附随后果研究"(18CFX040)的阶段性成果
关键词
人工智能犯罪
刑事责任主体
刑事近代学派
社会防卫论
artifi cial intelligence
subject of criminal responsibility
modern school of criminology
the social defense theory
