摘要
精准立法、体现本地特色是设区的市行使立法权的正当性基础,在立法活动所涉及的各个环节中,选题无疑是启动这项工作初始的阶段,因而也是直接关系到整个地方性法规质量的环节。通过对设区的市当前立法情况的梳理,可以发现在立法选题中同时存在着"过热"和"过冷"现象。这种"过热"或"过冷"难以通过正当性考问,是立法者的主观意向和制度建设缺失的客观原因共同作用的结果。要改变这个现状,需要在观念上认识到立法功能的有限性而慎用立法权,同时将立法选题、立法预测等准备性过程置于与其他法定立法程序同等重要的地位。在立法选题的制度建设上要围绕立法选题编制管理、立法源的扩大、立项项目之间评估与竞争机制等内容来展开。除此以外,立法选题与国家和地区大局工作的紧密度、立法选题与立法容量的契合度、立法选题与法规文本的成熟度以及立法选题与立法规划、计划的衔接度等技术性因素对改变这一现状亦非常重要。
Precise legislation and reflecting local characteristics are the legitimate basis for districted cities to exercise legislative power. Topic choosing is undoubtedly the initial issue among all links involved in a legislative activity,and thus directly related to the quality of local regulations. Through analysis of the current legislative situation of the districted cities,it is found that some legislative topics are too hot while some are too obscure. Such hotness or obscurity cannot be justified in terms of legitimacy,but a result of the subjective intention of the legislator and the objective lack of system construction. In order to change such situation,we should realize the limitation of the legislative functions and exercise the legislative power with caution,attach the same importance to legislative topic choosing,legislative prediction and other preparatory processes as other mandatory legislative procedures. In the system construction of legislative topic choosing,we should focus on the management of optional legislative topics,expansion of legislative sources, legislative projects evaluation and competition mechanism. In addition,technical factors are also very important for changing such situation such as close relationship between a legislative topic and the whole national and regional picture,the compatibility between a legislative topic and legislative capacity,the maturity of a legislative topic and the legislative text,as well as the connectivity between a legislative topic and legislative planning.
出处
《政治与法律》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期77-88,共12页
Political Science and Law
基金
广东省哲学社会科学项目"地方性视角下地方立法的正当性问题研究"(项目编号:GD16XFX14)的成果之一
关键词
设区的市
精准立法
立法选题
理念与制度
Districted Cities
Precise Legislation
Legislative Topics
Ideas and System
