摘要
目的分析基层医院常见病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考和依据。方法回顾性分析2012～2017年本院临床分离病原菌分布情况,并对其中的主要革兰阳性菌和主要革兰阴性菌进行耐药性分析。结果临床分离病原菌22 191株,革兰阳性菌5268株(23.74%),革兰阴性菌14 494株(65.31%),真菌2429株(10.95%)。2012～2015年耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)临床检出率逐年升高。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌两种非产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌对本院常用的抗菌药物相对敏感,产ESBLs与非产ESBLs之间的耐药率及趋势差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2012～2017年临床分离病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,临床治疗中可根据细菌流行病学特点经验用药,再依据细菌药物敏感性试验调整抗菌药物。或依据细菌药物敏感性试验合理使用抗菌药物,遏制细菌耐药。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria in grass-roots hospitals,so as to provide reference and basis for rational use of antibiotics in clinic.Methods The distribution of pathogenic bacteria isolated in our hospital from 2012 to 2017 was retrospectively analyzed,and the drug resistance of the main Gram-positive bacteria and the main Gram-negative bacteria were analyzed.Results Clinical isolation of pathogenic bacteria 22 191 strains,5268 strains of Gram-positive bacteria(23.74%),14 494 strains of Gram-negative bacteria(65.31%)and 2429 strains of Fungi(10.95%).The clinical detection rate of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)increased year by year from 2012 to 2015.Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae,two non-ESBLs-producing enterobacteriaceae,are relatively sensitive to commonly used antibiotics in our hospital.There are differences in drug resistance rates and trends between ESBLs-producing and non-ESBLs-producing enterobacteriaceae.Conclusion From 2012 to 2017,Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogenic bacteria in clinical isolation.In clinical treatment,antibiotics could be adjusted according to the characteristics of bacterial epidemiology and the susceptibility test of bacteria.Or rational use of antibiotics based on bacterial drug sensitivity test to curb bacterial resistance.
作者
欧焕娇
向蓉
OU Huan-jiao;XIANG Rong(Department of Pharmacy,Xiaolan Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University,Guangdong Province,Zhongshan 528415,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xiaolan Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University,Guangdong Province,Zhongshan 528415,China)
出处
《中国当代医药》
2019年第5期187-190,F0004,共5页
China Modern Medicine
基金
广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2016117)
广东省中山市科技计划项目(2015B1077)
关键词
病原菌
耐药性
抗菌药物
合理使用
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
Antibacterial drugs
Reasonable use
