摘要
中美互为水产品贸易重要伙伴国。通过测算2002-2016年中国水产品资源禀赋系数、显示性比较优势和竞争力指数,分析中国对美水产品贸易竞争力及趋势,以为生态优先渔业阶段和贸易摩擦背景下的战略优化提供参考。研究表明,中国水产品竞争力总体上较美国更高;中美水产品存在明显资源互补优势,中国在养殖水产品和低成本方面具有优势,对美出口以养殖水产品和来进料加工方式为主,美国在捕捞产品方面优势较高;按照SITC分类,中国在干腌熏鱼类、鱼类制品、甲壳软体类制品方面优势明显;中国水产品竞争力呈快速下降趋势,面临来自加拿大、印尼、越南、泰国等国的挤压。基于研究结论提出转变出口创汇传统贸易思维和提升竞争力与拓展出口市场等对策建议。
China and the United States are important partners in the trade of aquatic products. Based on the resources endowment factor coefficient (EF), revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and trade competitiveness (TC) index from 2002 to 2016, this paper analyzes the trade competitiveness and trend of Chinese aquatic products, to provide a reference for the optimization of trade strategy under the background of ecological priority fishery and Sino-US trade friction. There are four results. Firstly, the competitiveness of Chinese aquatic products is generally higher than that of the United States. Secondly, Sino-US aquatic products have obvious complementary advantages in resources endowment. China has advantages in aquaculture products and low-cost, and exports to the US for aquaculture products and processing methods. Mainly, the United States has a higher advantage in fishing products. Thirdly, according to the SITC classification, China has obvious advantages in dry-cured fish, fish products, and crustacean products. Last, the competitiveness of China's aquatic products is declining, and the export of aquatic products to the United States is affected. Canada, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and other extrusions are obvious. Based on the conclusions, it proposes some countermeasures.
作者
许伟
刘子飞
胡冰川
XU Wei;LIU Zi-fei;HU Bing-chuan(School of Business, Anhui University of Technology, Ma An Shan, Anhui, 243002;Fishery Development Strategy & Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141;Rural Development Institute Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732)
出处
《中国渔业经济》
2018年第6期45-53,共9页
Chinese Fisheries Economics
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费院级重点项目(基于经济效率与绿色发展的我国主要出口水产品研究:2018HY-ZD08)资助
关键词
中美
水产品贸易
竞争力
绿色发展
贸易战略
Sino-US
Aquatic Products Trade
Competitiveness
Green Development
Trade Strategy
