摘要
DNA中的m6A(6-甲基腺嘌呤)成为表观遗传学研究的一个新兴领域。m6A是真核生物mRNA内部序列中最常见的一种转录后修饰形式。最新研究发现肥胖相关蛋白FTO可以脱掉m6A上的甲基,表明该甲基化过程是可逆的。抑制或敲除m6A甲基转移酶会引起重要的表型变化,但是由于过去的检测方法受限,m6A确切的作用机制目前为止还不甚清楚。二代测序技术结合免疫沉淀方法为大规模检测m6A修饰并研究其作用机制提供了可能。本文主要综述了m6A的相关机制、组织和基因组分布、生物学功能等及其最新研究进展。
m6A(6-methyladenine)in DNA has become an emerging field of epigenetic research.m6A is the most common post-transcriptional modification in the internal sequence of eukaryotic mRNA.Recent studies have found that the obesity-related protein FTO can remove the methyl group on m6A,indicating that the methylation process is reversible.Inhibition or knockout of m6A methyltransferase causes important phenotypic changes,but due to past limitations in detection methods,the exact mechanism of action of m6A is still unclear.The second-generation sequencing technology combined with immunoprecipitation method provides a possibility for large-scale detection of m6A modification and study its mechanism of action.The article mainly reviews the discovery history,generation mechanism,tissue and genome distribution,detection methods,biological functions,etc.of m6A and its latest research progress.
作者
祁婧
涂艳阳
QI Jing;TU Yan-Yang(Department of Experimental Surgery,Tangdu Hospital,Air Force Military Medical University,Xi an 710038,China)
出处
《转化医学电子杂志》
2018年第12期85-89,共5页
E-Journal of Translational Medicine
