摘要
研究考察4～6岁儿童的来生信念及其与父母来生信念和死亡相关话题亲子谈话的关系。研究一将来生信念(BA)量表和死亡话题亲子谈话(PDCA)量表译为中文并进行修订,分别有293名和168名被试用于探索性因素分析,确定维度后以300名和172名被试进行验证性因素分析,修订后的BA量表和PDCA量表具有较好的信度和效度。研究二以55名4～6岁儿童及其家长为研究对象,儿童通过观看视频故事并回答问题完成来生信念测试,家长完成生命认知问卷(包括BA量表和PDCA量表)。结果发现,儿童在情绪、愿望和认知维度上的得分显著低于生物学、精神生物学和知觉维度上的得分;父母来生信念可以预测儿童的死亡认知及来生信念,死亡话题亲子谈话在父母来生信念与儿童来生信念之间具有中介作用。结果表明父母的观念对儿童观念的形成有重要影响,以适当方式和儿童谈及死亡相关话题,可以促进儿童对死亡的认知,对生命教育具有实践意义。
The current article examined children s afterlife belief and explored its relationship with parents afterlife belief and parent-child conversation about death.Study 1 aimed to revise the Chinese versions of Belief in Afterlife(BA)Scale and Parental Disclosure with Children about Afterlife(PDCA)Scale.Exploratory factor analysis of each scale was done with 293 and 168 participants,respectively,and confirmatory factor analysis with 300 and 172 participants,respectively.The revised scales have good reliability and validity.In Study 2,55 children aged 4 to 6 and their parents participated in the lab session.After watching a puppet show,Children were asked a series of questions to complete the Afterlife Belief Task.Parents were invited to complete BA and PDCA scales.The results showed that children scored significantly lower in emotion,desire and epistemic dimensions than in biology,psychobiological and perceptual dimensions,that parents belief in afterlife could predict children s perception of death and their afterlife belief.Parent-child conversation about death was a mediator between parents and children s afterlife belief.It was suggested that parents beliefs had important influence on the development of children s beliefs,and it was of practical significance for life education to talk about death in appropriate ways,which might promote children s perception of death.
作者
余萌
俞晨芳
苏彦捷
YU Meng;YU Chenfang;SU Yanjie(School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health,Peking University,Beijing 100871)
出处
《心理技术与应用》
2019年第1期23-33,共11页
Psychology(Techniques and Applications)
基金
国家自然科学基金(31571134
31872782)资助
关键词
4~6岁儿童
死亡认知
来生信念
亲子谈话
4~6 year old children
perception of death,afterlife belief
parent-child conversation
