摘要
为探究水密肥互作对水稻产量及干物质积累的影响,以湘晚籼13号和丰源优299为供试品种,在湖南省衡阳市梅花村进行了不同水分管理、移栽密度和肥料运筹的大田试验,分析3因素及其互作对水稻产量及干物质积累的影响。结果表明,在W2D3F1(间歇灌溉、2.0万丛/667 m^2、施肥)条件下产量最高,为7 788.0 kg/hm^2,在W1D1F0(长期淹水、1.2万丛/667 m^2、不施肥)条件下产量最低,仅4 527.5 kg/hm^2。W2处理比W1处理产量平均提高338.3 kg/hm^2;D3处理平均产量比D1处理高504.7 kg/hm^2、比D2处理高142.2 kg/hm^2;F1处理比F0处理平均产量高1 650.5 kg/hm^2。单位面积有效穗数受密度和施肥与否影响较大,单一水分管理对其影响不大,但是在水分与密度互作条件下增加尤为明显。施肥以及密度的增加能有效增加每穗总粒数。随着密度增加,结实率降低。千粒重在水密肥互作下变化不显著。施肥能显著提高产量,其中F1条件下为7 173.1 kg/hm^2,显著高于F0的5 522.6 kg/hm^2;在一定范围内,随密度增大产量逐渐增加。总而言之,施肥、淹水以及适当的密度能有效提高水稻产量,三者之间存在着一定的互作效应。
Field experiments were conducted to explore the effects of the interaction among water,density and fertilizer on yield and dry matter accumulation of rice,using Xiangwanxian 13 and Fengyuanyou 299 as materials in Meihua village of Hengyang city.The results showed as follows,the yield was the highest under the condition of W2D3F1,which was 7 788.0 kg/hm^2;the yield was the lowest under the condition of W1D1F0,which was 4 527.5 kg/hm^2.The average yield of W2 was 338.3 kg/hm^2 higher than W1.The average yield of D1 was 504.7 kg/hm^2 higher than D3 and 142.2 kg/hm^2 higher than D2.The average yield under the condition of F1 was 1 650.5 kg/hm^2 higher than F0.The effective panicles per unit area were greatly influenced by planting density and fertilizer,only water management was not significant,but under the condition of interaction between moisture and density,the increase was especially significant.The increase of fertilization and density could effectively increase the total grain number per panicle.With the increase of planting density,the seed setting rate was reduced.The change of 1 000-grain weight was not significant under the interaction of water,density and fertilizer.Under the condition of fertilization,the production could be promoted significantly.The yield under F1 was higher than the yield of F0.In a certain range,the yield increased gradually with the increase of density.Under the interaction of the intermittent irrigation and the density,there was no significantly different in total grain number per panicle.In summary,fertilization,flooding and appropriate density could effectively improve rice yield,and there is a certain interaction effects among the three factors.
作者
李翊君
聂凌利
张文
吴勇俊
郑海飘
杨小粉
肖欢
敖和军
LI Yijun;NIE Lingli;ZHANG Wen;WU Yongjun;ZHENG Haipiao;YANG Xiaofen;XIAO Huan;AO Hejun(Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University/Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China,Changsha 410128,China)
出处
《中国稻米》
2018年第6期67-69,72,共4页
China Rice
关键词
水分管理
施肥
种植密度
产量
产量构成
water management
fertilizer
planting density
yield
yield components
rice
