摘要
本文利用中国城镇住户收入调查(CHIP)2002、2007和2013年数据,对我国城镇劳动力市场上的性别工资差距进行测度、分解和影响因素分析,同时比较分析了不同时间维度上和不同分位数上,性别工资差距的变化及其来源。本文研究发现,尽管2007—2013年我国性别工资差距有小幅度缩减,但是在整个研究区间内,性别工资差距增长迅速,其中特征变量不可解释部分的性别工资差距增长尤其明显而且占据整体性别工资差距的绝大部分,体现了性别歧视的严重性;对于特征变量可解释部分,传统人力资本因素如教育和工作经验的解释力度在减弱,而就业特征变量行业分割因素的解释力度在不断增强;从分位数分解结果上看,各年份不同分位数上性别工资差异大小主要由系数效应决定而非特征效应决定。据此,政府应该引起高度重视,促进工资公平分配机制的设计与建设进程,矫正劳动力市场对女性就业的工资歧视行为,创造男女两性就业"同工"和"同酬"并举的宏观大环境。
Based on the survey data of China’s household income in 2002,2007 and 2013,we use decomposition methods of Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition and unconditional quantile regression to analyze the extent,trend and influencing factors of the gender wage gap in different years and different positions of the income distribution.The results found that the gender wage gap is remarkably widened between the year of 2002 and 2013,despite of a small decrease in the period between 2007 and 2013.It is worth noting that the unexplained wage gap dramatically increases during this period and accounts for the majority part of the gender wage gap,indicating that gender discrimination in the labor market is serve.As for the influencing factors,human capital factors such as education and working experience are no longer the important explanatory factors,by contrast,industry and occupation now constitute the largest measured factors accounting for the gender wage gap.From the results of quantile regression,we find that the effect of changing coefficient is more important than the effect of changing means.Therefore,our government should attach greater importance to this phenomenon and use intervention policy to reduce the discrimination against female workers in the labor markets,thus guaranteeing that women have the right to equal pay and equal job opportunities.
作者
陈梅
周申
郑妍妍
CHEN Mei;ZHOU Shen;ZHENG Yanyan(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;School of International Business,Tianjin Foreign Studies University,Tianjin 300270,China)
出处
《当代经济科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期60-73,128,共15页
Modern Economic Science
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目"贸易与地区收入不平等:基于国内市场扭曲下资源空间再配置的研究"(17BJL109)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"贸易自由化与中国女性就业和工资--影响机制
实证检验与政策研究"(17YJC790210)
中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金南开大学人文社会科学重点学科骨干人才资助项目"劳动力市场动态演进对我国对外开放效益的影响研究"
南开大学经济学院习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想专题计划
