摘要
目的:调查上海青浦区公立养老机构老年人和照护者的营养素养情况,分析其对老年人营养状况的影响。方法:采用整群抽样法对上海市青浦区11家公立养老机构的782名65岁及以上老年人和266名照护者进行自制的营养素养问卷调查,并采用微型营养评价法(MNA)对老年人进行营养状况调查。结果:782名老年人中MNA量表评分平均21.2±3.47分,其中营养不良占13%,存在营养不良风险占56.4%,营养良好30.6%;营养知识及格率17.9%,营养态度及格率97.7%,营养行为及格率34.8%;老年人的营养状况与体重指数、服药种类、日常生活能力、营养知识、行为相关(P均<0.05)。照护者的营养知识及格率23.7%,营养态度及格率75.9%,营养行为及格率15%。结论:青浦区公立养老院老年人的营养状况令人担忧,大部分老年人存在营养问题,营养素养普遍偏低;照护者的营养素养也不容乐观,提示应加大力度对养老院进行营养管理。
Objective:To investigate the nutritional literacy of the elderly and caregivers in the public pension institutions in rural areas and to analyze the impact of the nutritional literacy on the nutritional status of the elderly.Methods:With the cluster sampling,782 elderly people aged 65 and above and 266 caregivers in 11 public pension institutions in Qingpu District,Shanghai were investigated by the self-made nutritional literacy questionnaire,nutritional status of the elderly was investigated by mini nutritional assessment(MNA).Results:Among the 782 elderly people,the mean MNA score was 21.2±3.47 points,including malnutrition 13%,malnutrition risk 56.4%and good nutrition 30.6%;the pass rate of nutrition knowledge was 17.9%,the pass rate of nutrition attitude was 97.7%,and the pass rate of nutrition behavior was 34.8%;the nutritional status of the elderly was related to body mass index,medication type,daily living ability,nutrition knowledge,and behavior(P<0.05).The pass rate of nutrition knowledge was 23.7%,the pass rate of nutritional attitude was 75.9%,and the pass rate of nutrition behavior was 15%.Conclusion:The nutritional status of the elderly people in the public nursing homes in Qingpu District is worrying.Most elderly people have nutritional problems and nutritional literacy is generally low.The nutritional literacy of caregivers is not optimistic,which suggests that efforts should be made to provide nutrition management to the nursing homes.
作者
黄俏雯
徐宁
王健翠
HUANG Qiaowen;XU Ning;WANG Jiancui(Medical Department of Zhaoxiang Community Health Service Center of Qingpu District,Shanghai 201703,China;Preventive and Health Care Department of Tianlin Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District,Shanghai 200233,China)
出处
《上海医药》
CAS
2018年第14期43-45,48,共4页
Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal
基金
上海中西医结合学会基金资助(SH201427)
关键词
养老机构
老年人
照护者
营养素养营养状况
pension institution
elderly people
caregiver
nutrition literacy
nutritional status
