摘要
随着各种高科技电磁设备研究的开展和装备的引入,高强度电磁辐射作为一种负性的环境暴露因素正逐步对作业人群的健康产生不利的影响。在现有防护条件下,对人员安全性问题的准确认识,防护标准的建立和防护技术的完善等步骤均亟待进行。现有很局限的资料已经显示,与普通电磁微波带来的损伤效应相近似,在长期暴露于特种电磁辐射的作业人群中,心血管、神经、生殖、精神、心理等多系统损伤效应的发生率较高,其中由于辐射暴露所导致的基因突变引起的致癌、致畸变问题更是引人关注。相关装备是否会给暴露的作业人群带来健康问题,带来什么样的损伤效应,损伤程度如何,损伤人群分布特点和敏感度差异如何,伤害效应的主要影响因素是什么,如何进行有效防护,这些都是必须要回答的问题。因此,筛查操作人员工作环境的危害指标,预防工作环境中的危险因素,降低电磁辐射对操作人员健康的不良影响至关重要。
With the development of various high-tech electromagnetic devices and the introduction of special equipment,high intensity electromagnetic radiation,as a negative environmental exposure factor,is gradually adversely affecting the health of the special task population.Under the existing protection conditions,the accurate understanding of the personnel safety issues,the establishment of protection standards and the improvement of protection technologies are all urgently needed.The limited information available has shown that,similar to the damage effects caused by ordinary electromagnetic microwaves,the cardiovascular,neurological,reproductive,mental,psychological and other multiple system damage effects that occur at higher frequencies are present in long-term exposure populations.Moreover,the carcinogenic and teratogenic problems due to mutations caused by radiation exposure have been brought to our attention.Health is the basic requirements of specialist and an important guarantee for the victory of special tasks.The application of the relevant weapons and equipment in the special position will do increase the combat effectiveness and defense capability of the troops.However,whether it will bring health problems to the exposed special population,what kind and the degrees of damage it will bring,the distribution characteristics and sensitivity of the damaged population,the main factors influencing the damage and how to protect the population from the damage and so on,are all necessary questions to be answered.Therefore,in order to reduce the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation equipment on the technical special task population and ensure the combat effectiveness of the armed forces,it is very important to screen the hazard targets of the relevant population and prevent the risk factors in the electromagnetic environment.
作者
李景刚
蒋正杰
刘辉
刘楠
曾伟涛
涂艳阳
LI Jing-Gang;JIANG Zheng-Jie;LIU Hui;LIU Nan;ZENG Wei-Tao;TU Yan-Yang(Disease Control and Prevention,Center of Air force,Beijing 100076,China;Department of Experimental Surgery,Tangdu Hospital,FMMU,Xi an 710038,China)
出处
《转化医学电子杂志》
2018年第3期17-23,共7页
E-Journal of Translational Medicine
基金
2016年装备军内科研科学研究项目
空军军医大学唐都医院科技创新发展基金(2016JSYJ003)
关键词
电磁辐射
健康
影响
防护
electromagnetic radiation
health
contribution
protection
