摘要
目的 :探讨社区护理干预在养老院吞咽障碍老人中的应用效果。方法 :选取2016年12月—2017年5月两家小型民营养老院内有吞咽障碍的老年患者43例,洼田饮水试验分级为Ⅱ~Ⅴ级。将北区养老院的22例作为观察组,实施社区护理干预,南区养老院的21例作为对照组,开展常规进食安全宣教。6个月后,比较两组吞咽功能、误吸发生率、身体营养状况。结果 :观察组和对照组干预前的吞咽功能评分分别为(3.32±0.70)分和(3.33±0.64)分,组间差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.07,P>0.05);干预后分别为(2.86±0.55)分和(3.24±0.53)分,组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=2.23,P<0.05)。观察组误吸发生率为31.82%(7/22),低于对照组的80.95%(17/21,χ~2=10.52,P<0.01)。干预后观察组身体营养状况优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 :社区护理干预可以有效降低养老院吞咽障碍老年患者的误吸率,改善营养状况,提高吞咽功能,值得在社区推广。
Objective:To explore the application effect of community nursing intervention in the elderly people with dysphagia in nursing homes.Methods:From December2016to May2017,43elderly patients with dysphagia in the two small private nursing homes were selected.Kubota drinking water test grades were fromⅡtoⅤlevels.Twenty-two cases of the north area of the nursing home were taken as the observation group,and the community nursing intervention was carried out.Twentyone cases in the south area of the nursing home were used as the control group to carry out the routine food safety education.After6months,the dysphagia,the incidence of mistaken aspiration and the nutritional status of the two groups were compared.Results:The swallowing function scores of the observation group and the control group before intervention were(3.32±0.70)and(3.33±0.64)points,respectively and there was no significant difference between the two groups(χ2=0.07,P>0.05).The incidence of mistaken aspiration in the observation group was31.82%(7/22),which was lower than that in the control group80.95%(17/21,χ2=10.52,P<0.01).The body nutrition status of the observation group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Community nursing intervention can effectively reduce the aspiration rate,improve the nutritional status and improve swallowing function in elderly patients with dysphagia in nursing homes,which is worth promoting in the community.
作者
陆梅
洪亮
贺黎明
高霏
徐菊
蒋丽娜
LU Mei;HONG Liang;HE Liming;GAO Fei;XU Ju;JIANG Lina(Nursing Department of Yichuan Community Health Service Center of Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China)
出处
《上海医药》
CAS
2018年第6期33-35,53,共4页
Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal
关键词
吞咽障碍
护理干预
养老院
dysphagia
community nursing intervention
nursing home
