摘要
自由意志问题,尤其是自由与被决定是否相容的问题,是西方哲学中的一个经典难题。刘清平试图通过阐述人性逻辑来回答这一问题。他认为,按人性逻辑行事,即为自由;而人性逻辑具有强制必然性,故而自由与被决定并不冲突。同时,由于人只能按人性逻辑行事,外在物理世界的因果必然与随机偶然就跟人的自由并不相干,人的责任将无从推脱。但是,在他那里,自由的真实性是被假定的,并没有得到论证。事实上,人性逻辑并不一定带来自由,就算能,它的强制性也并非不能逃脱;外部世界的特征跟人的行动密切相关而非毫不相干。因此,刘清平对问题的回答并不成功。自由意志问题跟一系列哲学问题交织在一起,依然是一个谜。
The problem of free will,especially whether freedom and being determined are compatible,is a classic conundrum in western philosophy.Liu Qingping,in his articals,tried a new solution by elaborating the inner logic of human nature.He believes that freedom means acting according to the inner logic of human nature;and that such logic has in itself the force of necessity,and thus freedom is not in conflict with decidedness or being determined.Meanwhile,since human beings can only act according to the inner logic of human nature,the causal necessity and chanciness of the external physical world would not necessarily affect human freedom,and thus human responsibility cannot be shirked.However,in Liu’s theories,the authenticity of freedom is hypothetical,as well as uncorroborated.In fact,the inner logic of human nature does not necessarily bring freedom,and even if it does,its compulsion is not unescapable.Rather than being irrelevant,the characteristics of the external world are closely related to human actions.Therefore,Liu Qingping’s solution to the problem was not successful.The mystery of free will,intertwined with a series of philosophical problems,remains a mystery.
作者
苏德超
张稆元
SU Dechao;ZHANG Lvyuan(School of Philosophy/Institute of European&American Religion&Culture,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei,430072,China;BGI,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518083,China)
出处
《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第1期13-23,共11页
Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金重点项目"自然主义哲学与唯物主义的当代形态研究"(14AZX011)
关键词
自由意志
人性逻辑
随机偶然
必然
责任
free will
the inner logic of human nature
chanciness
necessity
duty
